https://wikimd.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=TizanidineTizanidine - Revision history2026-04-27T15:52:22ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.44.2https://wikimd.org/index.php?title=Tizanidine&diff=5808155&oldid=prevPrab: CSV import2024-05-22T17:04:09Z<p>CSV import</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>[[File:Tizanidine.svg|thumb|Tizanidine.svg]] {{Short description|Muscle relaxant medication}}<br />
{{Infobox drug<br />
| image = Tizanidine.svg<br />
| width = 200<br />
| image2 = <br />
| width2 = <br />
| tradename = Zanaflex<br />
| Drugs.com = <br />
| MedlinePlus = a601121<br />
| licence_US = <br />
| DailyMedID = <br />
| pregnancy_AU = <br />
| pregnancy_US = <br />
| pregnancy_category = <br />
| routes_of_administration = [[Oral administration|By mouth]]<br />
| ATC_prefix = M03<br />
| ATC_suffix = BX02<br />
| legal_AU = <br />
| legal_BR = <br />
| legal_CA = <br />
| legal_UK = <br />
| legal_US = Rx-only<br />
| bioavailability = 40%<br />
| protein_bound = 30%<br />
| metabolism = [[Liver]]<br />
| elimination_half-life = 2.5 hours<br />
| excretion = [[Kidney|Renal]]<br />
| CAS_number = 51322-75-9<br />
| PubChem = 5487<br />
| IUPHAR_ligand = 5487<br />
| DrugBank = DB00697<br />
| ChemSpiderID = 5287<br />
| UNII = 6QC9Q16770<br />
| KEGG = D08689<br />
| ChEBI = 9659<br />
| ChEMBL = 1395<br />
| IUPAC_name = 5-chloro-N-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)-2,1,3-benzothiadiazol-4-amine<br />
| C=9<br />
| H=8<br />
| Cl=1<br />
| N=5<br />
| S=1<br />
| smiles = Clc1cc2c(cc1)nsn2N/C3=N/CCN3<br />
| StdInChI = 1S/C9H8ClN5S/c10-6-1-2-7-8(3-6)16-15-9(7)13-5-11-4-12-13/h1-3H,4-5H2<br />
| StdInChIKey = XFYICZOIWSBQSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N<br />
}}<br />
<br />
'''Tizanidine''' is a [[muscle relaxant]] medication used to treat [[muscle spasticity]] due to conditions such as [[multiple sclerosis]] and [[spinal cord injury]]. It is marketed under the brand name '''Zanaflex''' among others. Tizanidine works by blocking nerve impulses (pain sensations) that are sent to the brain.<br />
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== Medical uses ==<br />
Tizanidine is primarily used for the management of [[muscle spasticity]]. It is particularly effective in conditions such as [[multiple sclerosis]], [[spinal cord injury]], and other disorders that cause muscle spasms. The medication is taken orally, and its effects typically begin within an hour of ingestion.<br />
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== Mechanism of action ==<br />
Tizanidine is an [[alpha-2 adrenergic receptor]] agonist. It works by inhibiting the release of excitatory amino acids in the spinal cord, which reduces the activity of motor neurons. This leads to a decrease in muscle tone and spasticity.<br />
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== Side effects ==<br />
Common side effects of tizanidine include [[drowsiness]], [[dry mouth]], [[dizziness]], and [[asthenia]] (weakness). Less common but more severe side effects can include [[hypotension]] (low blood pressure), [[bradycardia]] (slow heart rate), and [[hepatotoxicity]] (liver damage). Patients are advised to monitor for signs of liver dysfunction and to have regular liver function tests.<br />
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== Pharmacokinetics ==<br />
Tizanidine has a bioavailability of approximately 40% when taken orally. It is metabolized in the [[liver]] and has an elimination half-life of about 2.5 hours. The drug and its metabolites are primarily excreted through the [[kidneys]].<br />
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== Contraindications ==<br />
Tizanidine is contraindicated in patients with significant [[liver disease]] and those taking [[CYP1A2 inhibitors]] such as [[fluvoxamine]] and [[ciprofloxacin]], as these can increase the concentration of tizanidine in the blood, leading to severe side effects.<br />
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== Interactions ==<br />
Tizanidine can interact with other medications, including [[antihypertensives]], which can enhance the blood pressure-lowering effects, and [[CNS depressants]], which can increase sedation. It is important to inform healthcare providers of all medications being taken to avoid potential interactions.<br />
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== See also ==<br />
* [[Muscle relaxant]]<br />
* [[Multiple sclerosis]]<br />
* [[Spinal cord injury]]<br />
* [[Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor]]<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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== External links ==<br />
{{Commons category|Tizanidine}}<br />
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[[Category:Muscle relaxants]]<br />
[[Category:Alpha-2 adrenergic receptor agonists]]<br />
[[Category:Imidazolines]]<br />
[[Category:Spinal cord injury]]<br />
[[Category:Multiple sclerosis]]<br />
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