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<p></p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{top}}<br /> <br /> ==Definition==<br /> As the name suggests, the thoracic wall, is the wall of the [[thorax]].<br /> <br /> ==Contents==<br /> The thoracic wall consists of the [[skin]], [[fat]], [[muscles]], [[bones]], and other tissues that form the thorax.<br /> <br /> ==About the thorax==<br /> The thorax is the protective structure around vital organs in the area between the neck and the abdomen, including the heart, major blood vessels, lungs, and liver. <br /> <br /> ==Bones of the chest==<br /> The bones in the chest wall include the [[ribs]], [[sternum]] (also called [[breastbone]]), and [[spine]]. <br /> <br /> ==Function==<br /> In addition to providing a very important protective cover around some of the most vital organs such as the [[heart]], [[lungs]], [[blood vessels]] etc. the chest wall also helps support [[breathing]] and movement of the [[upper arms]] and [[shoulders]].<br /> <br /> &lt;youtube&gt;<br /> title=&#039;&#039;&#039;{{PAGENAME}}&#039;&#039;&#039; <br /> movie_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/mVLXqICrsdo<br /> &amp;rel=1<br /> embed_source_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/mVLXqICrsdo<br /> &amp;rel=1<br /> wrap = yes<br /> width=750<br /> height=600<br /> &lt;/youtube&gt;<br /> <br /> [[File:High-resolution computed tomograph of a normal thorax, axial plane (70).jpg|left|alt=CT cross section, normal chest|thumb|CT cross section, normal chest]]<br /> <br /> ==Muscles==<br /> The intercostal muscles are located in spaces between the ribs. They contract during forced expiration. External intercostal muscles contract to elevate the ribs during the inspiration phase of breathing. The diaphragm is a dome-shaped muscle that forms a partition between the thorax and the abdomen. It has three openings in it for structures that have to pass from the thorax to the abdomen.<br /> [[File:Gray968.png|left|thumb]]<br /> ==Blood supply==<br /> The thoracic wall is supplied by branches of:<br /> # the subclavian artery <br /> # the axillary artery, and <br /> # the aorta with their posterior intercostal and subcostal arteries. <br /> <br /> ==Nerve supply==<br /> The 12 [[thoracic nerves]] or [[spinal nerves]] with their dorsal and a ventral rami supply the wall including the intercostal muscles, skin, blood vessels etc.<br /> <br /> ==Common problems==<br /> * Common thoracic wall injuries include bruising or abrasions such as cuts etc to the chest area<br /> * Broken ribs, sternum or vertebrae<br /> * If the injuries are more serious, it can lead to damage to the lungs or heart<br /> <br /> {{pubmed-left}}<br /> {{wp-left}}<br /> {{Thoracic cavity}}<br /> {{stb}}<br /> [[Category:Thorax (human anatomy)]]</div>

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