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2025-02-18T03:54:57Z

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	[[Category:Surnames]]		[[Category:Surnames]]
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			File:FML_names-2.png\|Surname
			File:Icelandic_Patronyms.svg\|Surname
			File:Map_of_Most_Commons_Surnames_in_the_United_States_by_State.svg\|Surname
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Prab: CSV import

2024-02-25T16:41:03Z

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'''Surname'''

A '''surname''', '''family name''', or '''last name''' is the portion of a personal name that indicates a person's family (or tribe or community, depending on the culture). Depending on the culture, all members of a family unit may have identical surnames or there may be variations based on the cultural rules.

==Etymology and Definitions==

The term "surname" is derived from the Anglo-Norman ''surnoun'', which is in turn derived from the Old French ''sourenom'', meaning "surname". The term and the concept are both used in the Western tradition of surnames, which often are called "family names".

==History==

Surnames have been in existence for several centuries, and their use and form have evolved over time and across cultures. The earliest surnames were often based on a person's occupation, place of residence, or personal characteristics.

==Surname Structures==

The structure of surnames can be divided into three types: patronymic, matronymic, and conjugal.

===Patronymic===

A '''patronymic''' surname is derived from the father's name. This is the most common type of surname worldwide.

===Matronymic===

A '''matronymic''' surname is derived from the mother's name. This is less common than patronymic surnames.

===Conjugal===

A '''conjugal''' surname is a combination of the father's and mother's surnames. This is common in some cultures, such as in Spain and Latin America.

==Surname Usage by Country==

The usage of surnames varies greatly from country to country. Some countries, such as Iceland, do not use family names. In other countries, such as China, the family name is placed before the given name.

==See Also==

* [[Given name]]
* [[Middle name]]
* [[Name change]]
* [[Patronymic]]
* [[Matronymic]]

==References==

<references />

[[Category:Names]]
[[Category:Surnames]]
{{stub}}

Surname - Revision history

Prab: CSV import

Prab: CSV import