https://wikimd.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=Superficial_reflexes Superficial reflexes - Revision history 2026-04-26T16:53:24Z Revision history for this page on the wiki MediaWiki 1.44.2 https://wikimd.org/index.php?title=Superficial_reflexes&diff=6529315&oldid=prev Prab at 17:42, 18 March 2025 2025-03-18T17:42:43Z <p></p> <table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface"> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <col class="diff-marker" /> <col class="diff-content" /> <tr class="diff-title" lang="en"> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td> <td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 17:42, 18 March 2025</td> </tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l29">Line 29:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 29:</td></tr> <tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; 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font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{No image}}</ins></div></td></tr> </table> Prab https://wikimd.org/index.php?title=Superficial_reflexes&diff=5362333&oldid=prev Prab: CSV import 2024-03-04T22:32:00Z <p>CSV import</p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>&#039;&#039;&#039;Superficial reflexes&#039;&#039;&#039; are [[reflexes]] that are elicited by gentle stimuli to the skin and mucous membranes. They are used in [[neurological examination]] to assess the integrity of the [[sensory neurons]] and [[motor neurons]] involved in the reflex arc.<br /> <br /> ==Types of Superficial Reflexes==<br /> <br /> There are several types of superficial reflexes, including:<br /> <br /> * &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Abdominal reflex]]&#039;&#039;&#039;: This reflex is elicited by stroking the skin of the abdomen. The normal response is a contraction of the abdominal muscles and deviation of the umbilicus towards the stimulus.<br /> <br /> * &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Cremasteric reflex]]&#039;&#039;&#039;: This reflex is elicited by lightly stroking the upper inner thigh. The normal response is a rapid contraction of the cremaster muscle that pulls up the testis on the side of the stimulus.<br /> <br /> * &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Bulbocavernosus reflex]]&#039;&#039;&#039;: This reflex is elicited by squeezing the glans penis or clitoris. The normal response is a contraction of the bulbocavernosus muscle.<br /> <br /> * &#039;&#039;&#039;[[Anal reflex]]&#039;&#039;&#039;: This reflex is elicited by stroking the skin around the anus. The normal response is a contraction of the external anal sphincter.<br /> <br /> ==Clinical Significance==<br /> <br /> Superficial reflexes are used in neurological examination to assess the integrity of the sensory neurons and motor neurons involved in the reflex arc. Absence or abnormality of a superficial reflex can indicate a lesion in the [[central nervous system]] or [[peripheral nervous system]].<br /> <br /> For example, absence of the abdominal reflex can indicate a lesion in the thoracic spinal cord or peripheral nerves supplying the abdominal muscles. Absence of the cremasteric reflex can indicate a lesion in the lumbar spinal cord or peripheral nerves supplying the cremaster muscle.<br /> <br /> ==See Also==<br /> <br /> * [[Deep tendon reflex]]<br /> * [[Primitive reflexes]]<br /> * [[Neurological examination]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Neurology]]<br /> [[Category:Reflexes]]<br /> {{neurology-stub}}</div> Prab