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	'''Stellantchasmus''' is a genus of [[trematode]] in the family [[Heterophyidae]]. The genus was first described by [[Fukui]] in 1929. The trematodes are a class of parasitic flatworms, of the subclass [[Digenea]], that primarily infect the liver of a wide range of hosts, including humans.

	== ~~Life Cycle~~ ==		{{Infobox Disease
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	~~The life cycle of~~ ''Stellantchasmus'' ~~involves three hosts. The adult worms live in the small intestine~~ of ~~the definitive host, which are usually birds or mammals. The eggs are passed in the feces of the host and hatch in water to release~~ [[~~miracidia~~]]~~. These miracidia infect a suitable snail intermediate host and develop into~~ [[~~sporocysts~~]], [[~~rediae~~]], and ~~then~~ [[~~cercariae~~]]. The ~~cercariae are released from the snail and encyst on the skin or flesh of freshwater fish. When the fish are eaten by a bird or mammal~~, ~~the metacercariae excyst~~ in ~~the intestine and mature into adult worms~~.		'''Stellantchasmus''' is a genus of [[trematode]] [[parasites]] that infects the [[intestines]] of [[fish-eating birds]] and [[mammals]]. The most notable species within this genus is ''Stellantchasmus falcatus'', which is known to cause [[parasitic infections]] in humans.

	== ~~Human Infection~~ ==		==Life Cycle==
			The life cycle of ''Stellantchasmus'' involves multiple hosts. The [[adult flukes]] reside in the intestines of [[definitive hosts]], which include birds and mammals. Eggs are released into the environment through the host's feces. These eggs hatch into [[miracidia]], which then infect [[snail]]s, the first [[intermediate host]]. Inside the snail, the miracidia develop into [[sporocysts]], then [[rediae]], and finally into [[cercariae]]. The cercariae leave the snail and infect [[fish]], the second intermediate host, where they encyst as [[metacercariae]]. When a definitive host consumes infected fish, the metacercariae develop into adult flukes in the host's intestines.

	~~Human~~ infection with ''Stellantchasmus'' ~~occurs when undercooked or raw fish containing the metacercariae are consumed. The~~ symptoms ~~of infection can include~~ abdominal pain, diarrhea, and ~~malaise~~. In severe cases, ~~the infection can lead to~~ [[~~malnutrition~~]] ~~and [[anemia]]. Diagnosis is made by finding the characteristic eggs in the feces. Treatment is with~~ [[~~praziquantel~~]].		==Symptoms in Humans==
			In humans, infection with ''Stellantchasmus falcatus'' can lead to [[gastrointestinal symptoms]] such as [[abdominal pain]], [[diarrhea]], and [[nausea]]. In severe cases, it may cause [[intestinal obstruction]] or [[perforation]].

	== ~~Prevention~~ ==		==Diagnosis==
			Diagnosis of ''Stellantchasmus'' infection is typically made by identifying the characteristic eggs in [[stool samples]] using [[microscopy]].

	~~Prevention of~~ ''Stellantchasmus'' infection involves ~~proper cooking of fish and good personal hygiene. Public health measures can also be implemented to control the snail intermediate hosts and to educate the public about~~ the ~~risks~~ of ~~consuming raw or undercooked fish~~.		==Treatment==
			The treatment for ''Stellantchasmus'' infection involves the use of [[anthelmintic drugs]] such as [[praziquantel]].

	~~[[File:Stellantchasmus~~.~~jpg\|thumb\|right\|200px\|''Stellantchasmus'' in a~~ fish ~~host~~.]]		==Prevention==
			Preventive measures include avoiding the consumption of raw or undercooked fish, especially in areas where the parasite is endemic. Proper cooking of fish can kill the metacercariae and prevent infection.

	== See Also ==		==See Also==
			* [[Trematode]]
			* [[Parasitic infection]]
			* [[Praziquantel]]

	* [[Heterophyiasis]]		==References==
	* [[Parasitic worm]]		{{Reflist}}
	* [[Trematoda]]

	== ~~References~~ ==		==External Links==
			* [https://www.cdc.gov/parasites/ CDC - Parasites]

	~~<references />~~		[[Category:Parasitic diseases]]
			[[Category:Trematodes]]
	[[Category:Parasitic ~~animals]]~~
	~~[[Category:Trematoda]]~~
	~~[[Category:Parasites of birds]]~~
	~~[[Category:Parasites of mammals]]~~
	~~[[Category:Parasites of humans~~]]
	[[Category:~~Veterinary helminthology~~]]
	[[Category:Zoonoses]]		[[Category:Zoonoses]]

	~~{{Parasitic-worm-stub}}~~
	~~{{medicine-stub}}~~

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'''Stellantchasmus''' is a genus of [[trematode]] in the family [[Heterophyidae]]. The genus was first described by [[Fukui]] in 1929. The trematodes are a class of parasitic flatworms, of the subclass [[Digenea]], that primarily infect the liver of a wide range of hosts, including humans.

== Life Cycle ==

The life cycle of ''Stellantchasmus'' involves three hosts. The adult worms live in the small intestine of the definitive host, which are usually birds or mammals. The eggs are passed in the feces of the host and hatch in water to release [[miracidia]]. These miracidia infect a suitable snail intermediate host and develop into [[sporocysts]], [[rediae]], and then [[cercariae]]. The cercariae are released from the snail and encyst on the skin or flesh of freshwater fish. When the fish are eaten by a bird or mammal, the metacercariae excyst in the intestine and mature into adult worms.

== Human Infection ==

Human infection with ''Stellantchasmus'' occurs when undercooked or raw fish containing the metacercariae are consumed. The symptoms of infection can include abdominal pain, diarrhea, and malaise. In severe cases, the infection can lead to [[malnutrition]] and [[anemia]]. Diagnosis is made by finding the characteristic eggs in the feces. Treatment is with [[praziquantel]].

== Prevention ==

Prevention of ''Stellantchasmus'' infection involves proper cooking of fish and good personal hygiene. Public health measures can also be implemented to control the snail intermediate hosts and to educate the public about the risks of consuming raw or undercooked fish.

[[File:Stellantchasmus.jpg|thumb|right|200px|''Stellantchasmus'' in a fish host.]]

== See Also ==

* [[Heterophyiasis]]
* [[Parasitic worm]]
* [[Trematoda]]

== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Parasitic animals]]
[[Category:Trematoda]]
[[Category:Parasites of birds]]
[[Category:Parasites of mammals]]
[[Category:Parasites of humans]]
[[Category:Veterinary helminthology]]
[[Category:Zoonoses]]

{{Parasitic-worm-stub}}
{{medicine-stub}}

Stellantchasmus - Revision history

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