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	~~'''Standardized Mortality Ratio'''~~

	~~The '''~~Standardized Mortality Ratio''' (SMR) is a [[quantitative]] measure used in [[epidemiology]] and [[public health]] that compares the mortality rate of an observed population to that of a standard population. The SMR is a useful tool for identifying disparities in health outcomes between different populations.		{{Infobox medical term
			\| name = Standardized Mortality Ratio
			\| image = <!-- Image removed -->
			\| caption = <!-- Caption removed -->
			}}

	~~==Definition==~~		The '''Standardized Mortality Ratio''' ('''SMR''') is a measure used to compare the mortality rate of a study population to that of a standard population. It is commonly used in [[epidemiology]] and [[public health]] to assess whether the number of observed deaths in a specific population is higher or lower than expected.

	The Standardized Mortality Ratio is defined as the ratio of observed deaths in a study population to the expected number of deaths in a standard population. The standard population is typically a larger, representative population that provides a baseline for comparison. The SMR is ~~usually expressed~~ as ~~a percentage or a ratio.~~		== Calculation ==
			The SMR is calculated as follows:

	=~~=Calculation==~~		: \[ \text{SMR} = \frac{\text{Observed Deaths}}{\text{Expected Deaths}} \]

	~~The calculation~~ of the ~~SMR involves three steps:~~		* '''Observed Deaths''' refers to the actual number of deaths recorded in the study population.
			* '''Expected Deaths''' is the number of deaths that would be expected based on the age-specific mortality rates of the standard population.

	~~# Count the number~~ of ~~observed deaths in~~ the ~~study population.~~		== Interpretation ==
	~~# Determine the expected number of deaths~~ in the study population ~~based on the mortality rates~~ of the standard population.		An SMR of 1 indicates that the mortality rate in the study population is equal to that of the standard population. An SMR greater than 1 suggests a higher mortality rate, while an SMR less than 1 indicates a lower mortality rate.
	~~# Divide the number of observed deaths by the expected number of deaths~~.

	The ~~formula for calculating the~~ SMR is:		== Applications ==
			The SMR is widely used in various fields, including:

	~~SMR = (Observed deaths / Expected deaths)~~ * ~~100~~		* [[Occupational health]]: To assess the mortality risk of workers exposed to hazardous substances.
			* [[Environmental health]]: To evaluate the impact of environmental factors on mortality.
			* [[Healthcare quality]]: To compare the performance of healthcare facilities.

	==~~Interpretation~~==		== Limitations ==
			While the SMR is a useful tool, it has limitations:

	~~An SMR of 100 indicates~~ that the mortality rate in the study population is equal to that of the standard population. An SMR greater than 100 indicates a higher mortality rate in the study population, while an SMR less than 100 indicates a lower mortality rate.		* It does not account for [[confounding variables]] that may affect mortality.
			* It assumes that the age distribution of the study population is similar to that of the standard population.
	~~==Uses==~~

	~~The SMR is used in epidemiology and public health to:~~

	~~# Identify disparities in health outcomes between different populations.~~
	~~# Monitor trends in~~ mortality ~~over time.~~
	~~# Evaluate the effectiveness of public health interventions~~.

	~~==Limitations==~~

	~~While the SMR is a useful tool, it has several limitations:~~

	# It assumes that the ~~standard population is representative~~ of the study population~~, which may not always be the case.~~
	~~# It does not account for differences in age distribution between~~ the ~~study and~~ standard ~~populations.~~
	~~# It does not account for other factors that may influence mortality, such as socioeconomic status or access to healthcare.~~

	~~[[File:Standardized Mortality Ratio Graph~~.~~jpg\|thumb\|Graph showing the Standardized Mortality Ratio for different populations]]~~

	~~==See also==~~

			== See also ==
	* [[Mortality rate]]		* [[Mortality rate]]
	* [[Epidemiology]]		* [[Epidemiology]]
	* [[Public health]]		* [[Public health]]

			== References ==
			{{Reflist}}

			== External links ==
			* [https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/datawh/nchsdefs/standardizedmortalityratio.htm CDC - Standardized Mortality Ratio]

	[[Category:Epidemiology]]		[[Category:Epidemiology]]
	[[Category:Public health]]		[[Category:Public health]]
	[[Category:~~Health statistics]]~~		[[Category:Statistics]]
	~~[[Category:Medical terminology~~]]

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'''Standardized Mortality Ratio'''

The '''Standardized Mortality Ratio''' (SMR) is a [[quantitative]] measure used in [[epidemiology]] and [[public health]] that compares the mortality rate of an observed population to that of a standard population. The SMR is a useful tool for identifying disparities in health outcomes between different populations.

==Definition==

The Standardized Mortality Ratio is defined as the ratio of observed deaths in a study population to the expected number of deaths in a standard population. The standard population is typically a larger, representative population that provides a baseline for comparison. The SMR is usually expressed as a percentage or a ratio.

==Calculation==

The calculation of the SMR involves three steps:

# Count the number of observed deaths in the study population.
# Determine the expected number of deaths in the study population based on the mortality rates of the standard population.
# Divide the number of observed deaths by the expected number of deaths.

The formula for calculating the SMR is:

SMR = (Observed deaths / Expected deaths) * 100

==Interpretation==

An SMR of 100 indicates that the mortality rate in the study population is equal to that of the standard population. An SMR greater than 100 indicates a higher mortality rate in the study population, while an SMR less than 100 indicates a lower mortality rate.

==Uses==

The SMR is used in epidemiology and public health to:

# Identify disparities in health outcomes between different populations.
# Monitor trends in mortality over time.
# Evaluate the effectiveness of public health interventions.

==Limitations==

While the SMR is a useful tool, it has several limitations:

# It assumes that the standard population is representative of the study population, which may not always be the case.
# It does not account for differences in age distribution between the study and standard populations.
# It does not account for other factors that may influence mortality, such as socioeconomic status or access to healthcare.

[[File:Standardized Mortality Ratio Graph.jpg|thumb|Graph showing the Standardized Mortality Ratio for different populations]]

==See also==

* [[Mortality rate]]
* [[Epidemiology]]
* [[Public health]]

[[Category:Epidemiology]]
[[Category:Public health]]
[[Category:Health statistics]]
[[Category:Medical terminology]]

Standardized mortality ratio - Revision history

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