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2024-04-22T05:59:08Z

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[[File:Sri_Lankan_national_anthem,_performed_by_the_United_States_Navy_Band.oga|Sri Lankan national anthem, performed by the United States Navy Band.oga|thumb]] [[File:Ptolemy's_Taprobana.jpg|Ptolemy's Taprobana|thumb|left]] [[File:Buda_de_Avukana_-_01.jpg|Buda de Avukana - 01|thumb|left]] [[File:Sigiriya.jpg|Sigiriya|thumb]] [[File:Gal_Viharaya_02.jpg|Gal Viharaya 02|thumb]] [[File:SpilbergenVimala.jpg|SpilbergenVimala|thumb]] '''Sri Lanka''', officially the Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka, is an [[island country]] located in [[South Asia]], southwest of the [[Bay of Bengal]] and southeast of the [[Arabian Sea]]. It is separated from the [[Indian subcontinent]] by the [[Gulf of Mannar]] and the [[Palk Strait]]. Sri Lanka shares a [[maritime borders|maritime border]] with [[India]] to the northwest and the [[Maldives]] to the southwest.

== Geography ==
Sri Lanka has a diverse landscape ranging from arid plains and sandy beaches to rainforests and highlands. The country's highest point is [[Pidurutalagala]], standing at 2,524 meters above sea level. Sri Lanka is also home to many wildlife reserves, which protect numerous species of flora and fauna, including elephants, leopards, and a wide variety of birds.

== History ==
The history of Sri Lanka dates back at least 125,000 years and possibly even as far back as 500,000 years. The island has a rich cultural heritage that includes significant achievements in various fields such as art, science, and philosophy. It was historically known by a variety of names, including Ceylon. Ancient Sri Lanka was known for its advanced engineering and early agricultural practices, which included the construction of large reservoirs and canals.

== Politics ==
Sri Lanka is a [[democracy|democratic]] republic and a unitary state which is governed by a semi-presidential system, with a combination of a presidential system and a parliamentary system. The President of Sri Lanka is the head of state, the head of government, and the commander-in-chief of the armed forces.

== Economy ==
The Sri Lankan economy is one of the fastest-growing in the region. It is primarily based on [[agriculture]], [[textiles and apparel]], and [[tourism]]. Tea, coffee, and coconuts are among the leading commodities exported. In recent years, the country has made significant progress in its industrial and service sectors, contributing to a substantial part of its GDP.

== Culture ==
Sri Lanka boasts a diverse and rich culture which is a blend of native customs and traditions with influences from Indian, Arab, and European colonists. The country has a vibrant tradition of visual arts, music, dance, and literature. The majority religion is [[Buddhism]], which plays a significant role in the cultural and spiritual life of the country. Other religions, including [[Hinduism]], [[Islam]], and [[Christianity]], are also practiced.

== Demographics ==
The population of Sri Lanka is ethnically, linguistically, and religiously diverse. The two major ethnic groups are the Sinhalese and the Tamils, with the Sinhalese making up the majority of the population. Sinhala and Tamil are the official languages, with English widely used for education, scientific, and commercial purposes.

== Environmental Issues ==
Sri Lanka faces several environmental challenges, including deforestation, soil erosion, and wildlife conservation. The country is also vulnerable to the impacts of climate change, such as rising sea levels and increased frequency of extreme weather events.

== Tourism ==
Tourism is a significant sector of the Sri Lankan economy, with the island nation known for its ancient Buddhist ruins, including the [[Sigiriya]] rock fortress and the historic city of [[Polonnaruwa]], both of which are UNESCO World Heritage Sites. The country's natural beauty, from the pristine beaches to the scenic tea plantations in the highlands, attracts visitors from around the world.

[[Category:Sri Lanka]]
[[Category:Countries in Asia]]
[[Category:Island countries]]

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Sri Lanka - Revision history

Prab: CSV import