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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>[[File:Absorption_vs_adsorption.svg|thumb|Absorption_vs_adsorption.svg]] '''Sorption''' is a physical and chemical process by which one substance becomes attached to another. The term encompasses both [[absorption]] and [[adsorption]], which are different processes. Sorption is a key concept in various scientific fields, including [[chemistry]], [[biology]], and [[environmental science]].<br />
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==Types of Sorption==<br />
Sorption can be classified into two main types:<br />
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* '''[[Absorption]]''': This is the process in which a substance is taken up into the volume of another substance, such as a liquid or solid. An example of absorption is the uptake of water by a sponge.<br />
* '''[[Adsorption]]''': This is the process in which a substance adheres to the surface of another substance. An example of adsorption is the accumulation of gases on the surface of activated charcoal.<br />
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==Mechanisms==<br />
The mechanisms of sorption can vary depending on the nature of the substances involved. Common mechanisms include:<br />
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* '''[[Physisorption]]''': This involves weak van der Waals forces and is usually reversible.<br />
* '''[[Chemisorption]]''': This involves the formation of chemical bonds and is usually irreversible.<br />
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==Applications==<br />
Sorption has a wide range of applications in various fields:<br />
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* '''[[Environmental Science]]''': Sorption is used in the removal of pollutants from air and water. For example, activated carbon is used to adsorb contaminants from drinking water.<br />
* '''[[Pharmacology]]''': Sorption processes are crucial in drug delivery systems where the drug needs to be absorbed by the body.<br />
* '''[[Chemical Engineering]]''': Sorption is used in separation processes, such as in the purification of gases and liquids.<br />
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==Factors Affecting Sorption==<br />
Several factors can influence the sorption process:<br />
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* '''[[Temperature]]''': Higher temperatures can increase the rate of sorption but may also lead to desorption.<br />
* '''[[Pressure]]''': Higher pressures can increase the amount of gas adsorbed on a solid surface.<br />
* '''[[Surface Area]]''': Larger surface areas provide more sites for adsorption.<br />
* '''[[Concentration]]''': Higher concentrations of the sorbate can increase the rate of sorption.<br />
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==Sorption Isotherms==<br />
Sorption isotherms describe how a sorbate interacts with a sorbent at constant temperature. Common models include:<br />
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* '''[[Langmuir Isotherm]]''': Assumes monolayer adsorption on a surface with a finite number of identical sites.<br />
* '''[[Freundlich Isotherm]]''': An empirical model that describes adsorption on heterogeneous surfaces.<br />
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==See Also==<br />
* [[Absorption]]<br />
* [[Adsorption]]<br />
* [[Desorption]]<br />
* [[Physisorption]]<br />
* [[Chemisorption]]<br />
* [[Langmuir Isotherm]]<br />
* [[Freundlich Isotherm]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==External Links==<br />
{{Commons category|Sorption}}<br />
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[[Category:Chemistry]]<br />
[[Category:Environmental science]]<br />
[[Category:Chemical engineering]]<br />
[[Category:Materials science]]<br />
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