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== Socket ==

A '''socket''' is an endpoint for sending or receiving data across a computer network. Sockets are a fundamental technology for network communication, enabling different processes to communicate with each other, either on the same machine or across different machines.

== Types of Sockets ==
There are several types of sockets, each serving different purposes:

* [[Stream socket]]: Provides a reliable, two-way, connection-based byte stream. It uses the [[Transmission Control Protocol]] (TCP) for communication.
* [[Datagram socket]]: Provides connectionless, unreliable messaging. It uses the [[User Datagram Protocol]] (UDP) for communication.
* [[Raw socket]]: Allows direct sending and receiving of [[Internet Protocol]] (IP) packets without any protocol-specific transport layer formatting.

== Socket Programming ==
Socket programming is the process of using sockets to create network applications. It involves the following steps:

1. **Socket Creation**: Creating a socket using the appropriate system call.
2. **Binding**: Associating the socket with a specific [[IP address]] and [[port number]].
3. **Listening**: For server sockets, listening for incoming connections.
4. **Accepting Connections**: Accepting incoming connection requests.
5. **Data Transmission**: Sending and receiving data through the socket.
6. **Closing**: Closing the socket when communication is complete.

== Socket API ==
The [[Berkeley sockets]] API is a widely used interface for socket programming. It provides a set of functions for creating and managing sockets, including:

* `socket()`: Creates a new socket.
* `bind()`: Binds a socket to an address and port.
* `listen()`: Listens for incoming connections.
* `accept()`: Accepts an incoming connection.
* `connect()`: Connects a socket to a remote address.
* `send()`: Sends data through a socket.
* `recv()`: Receives data from a socket.
* `close()`: Closes a socket.

== Applications ==
Sockets are used in a variety of applications, including:

* [[Web server]]s and [[web browser]]s
* [[Email]] clients and servers
* [[File transfer]] applications
* [[Remote login]] services
* [[Peer-to-peer]] networks

== See Also ==
* [[Network socket]]
* [[Socket.IO]]
* [[Berkeley sockets]]
* [[Transmission Control Protocol]]
* [[User Datagram Protocol]]
* [[Internet Protocol]]

== Related Pages ==
* [[Network socket]]
* [[Stream socket]]
* [[Datagram socket]]
* [[Raw socket]]
* [[Berkeley sockets]]
* [[Transmission Control Protocol]]
* [[User Datagram Protocol]]
* [[Internet Protocol]]

[[Category:Computer networking]]
[[Category:Internet protocols]]
[[Category:Network architecture]]

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Socket - Revision history

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