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'''Selected Reaction Monitoring''' (SRM), also known as '''Multiple Reaction Monitoring''' (MRM) when multiple reactions are monitored, is a highly specific and sensitive mass spectrometry (MS) technique used for quantifying or identifying specific substances within a sample. This method is widely utilized in the fields of [[biochemistry]], [[pharmacology]], and [[molecular biology]], particularly in the analysis of [[proteins]], [[peptides]], and small [[molecules]].

==Overview==
SRM operates on triple quadrupole mass spectrometers. The technique involves the selection of a particular precursor ion (the ion of interest) in the first quadrupole, fragmentation of this ion in the second quadrupole (collision cell), and the detection of a specific fragment ion in the third quadrupole. This process allows for the precise quantification and identification of molecules in complex mixtures by monitoring the transition from a specific precursor ion to a specific fragment ion, known as a transition.

==Applications==
SRM is extensively used in various scientific and medical fields. In [[clinical research]], it is employed for the quantification of drugs, [[metabolites]], and [[biomarkers]] in biological fluids, which is crucial for [[pharmacokinetics]], [[toxicology]], and [[biomarker discovery]]. In [[proteomics]], SRM is used to quantify proteins and peptides with high specificity and sensitivity, aiding in the understanding of cellular processes and disease mechanisms.

==Advantages==
The main advantages of SRM include its high specificity, sensitivity, and quantitative accuracy. These characteristics make it an invaluable tool for detecting and quantifying low-abundance compounds in complex biological matrices. Additionally, SRM can be highly multiplexed, allowing for the simultaneous monitoring of hundreds of transitions, which is beneficial for large-scale studies.

==Challenges==
Despite its advantages, SRM faces several challenges. The method requires extensive method development and validation for each target molecule, which can be time-consuming. Furthermore, the selection of appropriate precursor and fragment ions is critical for the success of the assay, necessitating a deep understanding of the molecular structure and fragmentation patterns of the analytes.

==Future Directions==
Advancements in mass spectrometry technology and bioinformatics are expanding the capabilities of SRM. Improvements in sensitivity, speed, and data analysis software are enabling more comprehensive and high-throughput analyses. The integration of SRM data with other omics data, such as [[genomics]] and [[metabolomics]], is paving the way for a more holistic understanding of biological systems and disease.

==See Also==
* [[Mass spectrometry]]
* [[Proteomics]]
* [[Pharmacokinetics]]
* [[Biomarker (medicine)|Biomarker discovery]]

[[Category:Biochemistry]]
[[Category:Pharmacology]]
[[Category:Molecular biology]]
[[Category:Mass spectrometry]]

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Selected reaction monitoring - Revision history

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