Sedative - Revision history

Prab at 03:57, 22 March 2025

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	~~'''~~Sedative~~'''~~		[[File:НОВО-СЕД (пилюли).jpg\|Sedative\|thumb]]

	A '''[[Sedative]]''' or '''[[tranquilizer]]''' is a substance that induces [[sedation]] by reducing irritability or excitement. They are central nervous system (CNS) [[depressants]] and interact with brain activity causing its deceleration. Various kinds of sedatives can be distinguished, but the majority of them affect the [[neurotransmitter]] gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which are brain chemicals performing communication between brain cells. In spite of the different types of sedatives, they all work by slowing the brain activity.		A '''[[Sedative]]''' or '''[[tranquilizer]]''' is a substance that induces [[sedation]] by reducing irritability or excitement. They are central nervous system (CNS) [[depressants]] and interact with brain activity causing its deceleration. Various kinds of sedatives can be distinguished, but the majority of them affect the [[neurotransmitter]] gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which are brain chemicals performing communication between brain cells. In spite of the different types of sedatives, they all work by slowing the brain activity.

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	==See Also==		==See Also==

	* [[Anxiolytic]]		* [[Anxiolytic]]
	* [[Hypnotic]]		* [[Hypnotic]]
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	[[Category:Medicine]]		[[Category:Medicine]]

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'''Sedative'''

A '''[[Sedative]]''' or '''[[tranquilizer]]''' is a substance that induces [[sedation]] by reducing irritability or excitement. They are central nervous system (CNS) [[depressants]] and interact with brain activity causing its deceleration. Various kinds of sedatives can be distinguished, but the majority of them affect the [[neurotransmitter]] gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA), which are brain chemicals performing communication between brain cells. In spite of the different types of sedatives, they all work by slowing the brain activity.

==Types of Sedatives==

Sedatives can be classified into three main categories: [[Barbiturates]], [[Benzodiazepines]], and [[Herbal Sedatives]].

===Barbiturates===

[[Barbiturates]] are drugs that act as central nervous system depressants, and can therefore produce a wide spectrum of effects, from mild sedation to total anesthesia. They are also effective as anxiolytics, hypnotics, and anticonvulsants.

===Benzodiazepines===

[[Benzodiazepines]] are the most commonly used type of sedative. They enhance the effect of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) at the GABA receptor, resulting in sedative, hypnotic (sleep-inducing), anxiolytic (anti-anxiety), anticonvulsant, and muscle relaxant properties.

===Herbal Sedatives===

Some plant-based or "natural" sedatives include [[kava]], [[valerian]], [[passionflower]], and [[cannabis]].

==Uses==

Sedatives are used for a range of medical procedures, including preoperative sedation, induction of [[anesthesia]], and treatment of [[insomnia]] or [[anxiety]]. They can also be used for the management of acute seizures.

==Risks and Side Effects==

Sedatives can have a number of potential risks and side effects, including [[dependence]], [[withdrawal]], and [[overdose]]. They can also cause paradoxical reactions, such as increased agitation or aggression.

==See Also==

* [[Anxiolytic]]
* [[Hypnotic]]
* [[Psychotropic medication]]
* [[Neurotransmitter]]

[[Category:Pharmacology]]
[[Category:Drugs]]
[[Category:Medicine]]

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