Deepika vegiraju at 08:57, 12 June 2023

2023-06-12T08:57:45Z

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== '''What is Retifanlimab?'''==

* Retifanlimab ('''Zynyz'''), is '''a programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1)–blocking antibody'''. Retifanlimab‑dlwr is a humanized IgG4 kappa [[monoclonal antibody]] produced in [[Chinese hamster ovary cell|Chinese hamster ovary cells]].

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== '''What are the uses of this medicine?''' ==

* Retifanlimab ('''Zynyz'''), is a prescription medicine used to treat a type of skin cancer called [[Merkel cell carcinoma]] in adults. Zynyz may be used to treat your [[skin cancer]] when it has spread or returned.

== '''How does this medicine work?''' ==

* Upon administration, retifanlimab '''binds to and inhibits PD-1 and its downstream signaling pathways'''.
* This may '''restore immune function through the activation of T-cells and cell-mediated immune responses against tumor cells'''.
* PD-1, a transmembrane protein in the immunoglobulin superfamily (IgSF) expressed on T-cells, functions as an immune checkpoint that negatively regulates T-cell activation and effector function when activated by its ligands programmed cell death ligand 1 (PD-L1) or 2 (PD-L2);
* It plays an important role in tumor evasion from host immunity.

== '''Who Should Not Use this medicine ?''' ==

* This medicine have no usage limitations.

== '''What drug interactions can this medicine cause?''' ==

Tell your doctor and pharmacist what other prescription and nonprescription medications, vitamins, nutritional supplements, you are taking or plan to take.

== '''Is this medicine FDA approved?''' ==

* It was approved for medical use in the United States in March 2023.

== '''How should this medicine be used?''' ==

'''Recommended dosage:'''
The recommended dosage of Zynyz is 500 mg administered as an intravenous infusion over 30 minutes every 4 weeks until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, or up to 24 months.

'''Administration:'''
* Retifanlimab-dlwr comes as a solution (liquid) to be injected slowly into a vein.
* Your healthcare provider will give you Zynyz into your vein through an [[intravenous]] (IV) line over 30 minutes.
* Zynyz is usually given every 4 weeks.
* Your healthcare provider will decide how many treatments you will need.
* Your healthcare provider will do blood tests to check you for side effects.
* If you miss any appointments, call your healthcare provider as soon as possible to reschedule your appointment.

== '''What are the dosage forms and brand names of this medicine?''' ==

This medicine is available in fallowing doasage form:
* '''As Injection:''' 500 mg/20 mL (25 mg/mL) solution in a single-dose vial.

This medicine is available in fallowing brand namesː
* '''Zynyz'''

=='''What side effects can this medication cause?'''==

The most common side effects of this medicine may include:
* tiredness
* muscle and bone pain
* itching
* [[diarrhea]]
* rash
* fever
* [[nausea]]

Less common, but serious side effects may include:
* Lung problems
* Intestinal problems
* Liver problems
* Hormone gland problems
* Kidney problems
* Skin problems
* Rejection of a transplanted organ
* Infusion reactions
* Complications, including graft-versus-host disease

==''' What special precautions should I follow?''' ==

* Immune-mediated adverse reactions, which may be severe or fatal, can occur in any organ system or tissue, including the following: immune-mediated [[pneumonitis]], immune-mediated [[colitis]], immune‑mediated [[hepatitis]], immune-mediated [[endocrinopathies]], immune-mediated nephritis with renal dysfunction, and immune‑mediated dermatologic adverse reactions, and solid organ transplant rejection.
* Monitor for early identification and management. Evaluate liver enzymes, [[creatinine]], and thyroid function at baseline and periodically during treatment. Withhold or permanently discontinue Zynyz and administer [[corticosteroids]] based on the severity of reaction.
* A severe [[infusion-related reaction]] occurred in patients receiving Zynyz. Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately for signs or symptoms of infusion-related reactions.
* Fatal and other serious complications can occur in patients who receive allogeneic [[hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]] (HSCT) before or after being treated with a PD-1/PD-L1–blocking antibody. Advise patients to contact their healthcare provider immediately if they develop signs or symptoms of post-allogeneic HSCT complications or of solid organ transplant rejection.
* Based on its mechanism of action, Zynyz can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman. Advise females of reproductive potential that Zynyz can cause harm to a fetus and to inform their healthcare provider of a known or suspected pregnancy. Advise females of reproductive potential to use effective [[contraception]] during treatment and for 4 months after the last dose of Zynyz.
* Advise female patients not to breastfeed while taking Zynyz and for 4 months after the last dose.

== '''What to do in case of emergency/overdose?''' ==

* {{overdose}}

== '''Can this medicine be used in pregnancy?''' ==

* Zynyz can harm your unborn baby.

Females who are able to become pregnant:
* Your healthcare provider should do a pregnancy test before you start treatment with Zynyz.
* You should use an effective method of birth control during your treatment and for 4 months after your last dose of Zynyz. Talk to your healthcare provider about birth control methods that you can use during this time.
* Tell your healthcare provider right away if you become pregnant or think you may be pregnant during treatment with Zynyz.

=='''Can this medicine be used in children?'''==

* It is not known if Zynyz is safe and effective in children.

== '''What are the active and inactive ingredients in this medicine?''' ==

* Active ingredient: retifanlimab-dlwr
* Inactive ingredients: glacial acetic acid, polysorbate 80, sodium acetate, sucrose, and Water for Injection.

== '''Who manufactures and distributes this medicine?''' ==

* '''Manufactured by:''' [[Incyte Corporation]], Wilmington, DE
* Zynyz and the Zynyz logo are trademarks of Incyte.

== '''What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?''' ==

* Store refrigerated at 2°C to 8°C (36°F to 46°F) in the original carton to protect from light.
* Do not freeze or shake.

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[[Category:Monoclonal antibodies for tumors]]
[[Category:Orphan drugs]]

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Retifanlimab - Revision history

Deepika vegiraju at 08:57, 12 June 2023