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	[[Category:Molecular biology]]		[[Category:Molecular biology]]
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			== Protein–ligand complex ==
			<gallery>
			File:W741L_AR_LBD-R-bicalutamide_complex.png\|W741L AR LBD-R-bicalutamide complex
			File:Membrane_Receptors.svg\|Membrane Receptors
			</gallery>

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'''Protein–ligand complex''' is a broad term used in [[biochemistry]] and [[pharmacology]] to describe a [[molecule]] of protein that is bound to a ligand. This complex plays a crucial role in various biological functions, including [[enzyme]] activity, [[protein synthesis]], and [[cell signaling]].

== Overview ==

A [[protein]] is a large molecule composed of one or more chains of [[amino acids]]. A [[ligand]] is a small molecule that binds to a specific site on a protein. The binding of a ligand to a protein can alter the protein's structure and function, leading to a biological response.

== Formation of Protein–ligand complex ==

The formation of a protein–ligand complex involves the interaction of a protein with a ligand. This interaction is typically non-covalent and reversible, although some protein–ligand complexes can form covalent bonds. The binding site on the protein where the ligand binds is often a [[cavity]] or [[groove]] on the protein's surface.

== Role in Biological Functions ==

Protein–ligand complexes play a crucial role in many biological functions. For example, they are involved in the regulation of [[gene expression]], the transmission of [[cellular signals]], and the catalysis of [[biochemical reactions]]. In addition, protein–ligand complexes are often the targets of [[drug]]s, which bind to the protein and modulate its activity.

== Drug Design ==

In [[drug design]], understanding the structure and function of protein–ligand complexes is crucial. By studying these complexes, scientists can design drugs that bind to specific proteins and alter their activity, leading to a therapeutic effect.

== See Also ==

* [[Protein–protein interaction]]
* [[Enzyme inhibitor]]
* [[Receptor (biochemistry)]]
* [[Drug design]]

== References ==

<references />

{{biochemistry-stub}}
{{pharmacology-stub}}

[[Category:Biochemistry]]
[[Category:Pharmacology]]
[[Category:Molecular biology]]
[[Category:Protein–ligand binding]]

Protein–ligand complex - Revision history

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