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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{DISPLAYTITLE:Propanediol}}<br />
<br />
== Overview ==<br />
'''Propanediol''' refers to any of the three isomeric chemical compounds with the formula C₃H₈O₂. These compounds are types of [[diol]], which means they contain two hydroxyl groups (−OH). The most commonly discussed isomer is 1,2-propanediol, also known as [[propylene glycol]].<br />
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== Isomers ==<br />
Propanediol has three isomers:<br />
<br />
* '''1,2-Propanediol''' (propylene glycol): This is the most widely used isomer in industrial and consumer products. It is a colorless, viscous liquid that is miscible with water, acetone, and chloroform. It is used as a [[solvent]], in the production of [[polymers]], and as a food additive.<br />
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* '''1,3-Propanediol''': This isomer is used in the production of [[polytrimethylene terephthalate]] (PTT), a type of polyester. It is also used as a solvent and in the synthesis of other chemicals.<br />
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* '''2,2-Propanediol''' (also known as pinacol): This isomer is less common and is primarily used in organic synthesis.<br />
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== Chemical Properties ==<br />
Propanediols are characterized by their two hydroxyl groups, which make them [[alcohols]]. These hydroxyl groups allow propanediols to participate in hydrogen bonding, which affects their boiling points and solubility in water.<br />
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=== Physical Properties ===<br />
* '''Molecular formula''': C₃H₈O₂<br />
* '''Molar mass''': 76.09 g/mol<br />
* '''Density''': Varies by isomer, but generally around 1.036 g/cm³ for 1,2-propanediol<br />
* '''Boiling point''': 188.2 °C for 1,2-propanediol<br />
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== Applications ==<br />
Propanediols are used in a variety of applications due to their chemical properties:<br />
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* '''1,2-Propanediol''':<br />
* Used as a [[humectant]] in food and cosmetics.<br />
* Serves as a [[carrier fluid]] in hydraulic systems.<br />
* Acts as a [[de-icing]] fluid for aircraft.<br />
* Used in the production of [[polyester]] resins.<br />
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* '''1,3-Propanediol''':<br />
* Used in the production of [[PTT]] fibers, which are used in textiles and carpets.<br />
* Acts as a building block in the synthesis of [[polyurethanes]].<br />
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== Safety and Environmental Impact ==<br />
Propanediols are generally considered to be of low toxicity. However, exposure to large amounts can cause irritation and other health effects. 1,2-Propanediol is recognized as safe for use in food and cosmetics by various regulatory agencies.<br />
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== Also see ==<br />
* [[Diol]]<br />
* [[Polyethylene glycol]]<br />
* [[Ethylene glycol]]<br />
* [[Polypropylene glycol]]<br />
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== References ==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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== External links ==<br />
* [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Propylene_glycol Propylene glycol on Wikipedia]<br />
* [https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/compound/1_2-Propanediol 1,2-Propanediol on PubChem]<br />
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{{Chemistry}}<br />
{{Organic_compounds}}<br />
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[[Category:Alcohols]]<br />
[[Category:Diols]]<br />
[[Category:Chemical compounds]]</div>Prab