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			{{Short description\|An article about the antiarrhythmic medication Procainamide}}

	~~{{intro}}~~		==Procainamide==
	Procainamide ~~is an oral antiarrhythmic agent that has been in wide use for more than 60 years~~.		[[File:Procainamide.svg\|thumb\|right\|Chemical structure of Procainamide]]
	~~{{livtox}}~~		'''Procainamide''' is a medication used to treat a variety of [[cardiac arrhythmias]]. It is classified as a [[Class A antiarrhythmic agent]] and works by blocking [[sodium channels]] in the heart, which helps to stabilize the cardiac membrane and reduce abnormal electrical activity.
	~~Long term procainamide therapy~~ is ~~known~~ to ~~induce hypersensitivity reactions, autoantibody formation and~~ a ~~lupus-like syndrome but~~ is a ~~rare cause of clinically apparent acute~~ [[~~liver injury~~]].

	~~{{moa}}~~		==Mechanism of Action==
	Procainamide ~~(proe kane' a mide) is an analogue~~ of the ~~local anesthetic procaine and has electrophysiological effects that resemble quinidine. Procainamide appears to act by blocking open~~ sodium channels and ~~outward potassium channels~~. ~~As a consequence~~, it ~~decreases cardiac automaticity, increases refractory periods~~ and ~~slows conduction~~.		Procainamide works primarily by inhibiting the influx of sodium ions through the [[sodium channels]] during the depolarization phase of the cardiac action potential. This action prolongs the [[action potential duration]] and the [[effective refractory period]] of cardiac cells, particularly in the [[atria]] and [[ventricles]]. By doing so, it helps to suppress abnormal [[ectopic pacemaker]] activity and reentrant arrhythmias.

	~~{{fda}}~~		==Clinical Uses==
			Procainamide is used in the management of several types of arrhythmias, including:
			* [[Atrial fibrillation]]
			* [[Atrial flutter]]
			* [[Ventricular tachycardia]]
			* [[Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome]]

	~~Procainamide was approved for use~~ in ~~the United States~~ in ~~1950, and current indications include suppression~~ of ~~symptomatic premature ventricular contractions and~~ life threatening ventricular ~~[[tachycardia]], as well as maintenance of normal sinus rhythm after conversion of atrial fibrillation or flutter. Because of its safety profile, procainamide is now rare used~~.		It is often administered intravenously in acute settings, especially in cases of life-threatening ventricular arrhythmias.

	~~{{dose}}~~		==Side Effects==
			Common side effects of procainamide include:
			* [[Hypotension]]
			* [[Nausea]]
			* [[Vomiting]]
			* [[Rash]]

	Procainamide is available in capsules and tablets of 250, 375 and 500 mg generically as well as under the brand name Pronestyl; it is also available as extended release forms of 250, 500, 750 and 1,000 mg under the brand name Procanbid. The usual maintenance dose in adults is 500 to 1000 mg every 4 to 6 hours.		Serious side effects can include:
			* [[Lupus-like syndrome]]
			* [[Agranulocytosis]]
			* [[QT interval prolongation]]

	~~{{se}}~~		==Pharmacokinetics==
			Procainamide is metabolized in the liver to [[N-acetylprocainamide]] (NAPA), which also has antiarrhythmic properties. The drug and its metabolite are excreted by the kidneys, and dose adjustments may be necessary in patients with [[renal impairment]].

	~~The most common side effects include~~ [[~~headache~~]], ~~nervousness~~, ~~[[anxiety]], [[nausea]], decreased appetite, [[palpitations]] and disturbed sleep~~.		==History==
			Procainamide was first introduced in the 1950s as an alternative to [[quinidine]], another antiarrhythmic agent. It has since become a staple in the treatment of arrhythmias, particularly in emergency settings.

	~~{{antiarrhythmic agents}}~~		==Related pages==
			* [[Antiarrhythmic agent]]
			* [[Cardiac arrhythmia]]
			* [[Sodium channel blocker]]

	~~{{coststubd}}~~		[[Category:Antiarrhythmic agents]]
			[[Category:Cardiology]]

Prab: Created page with " {{intro}} Procainamide is an oral antiarrhythmic agent that has been in wide use for more than 60 years. {{livtox}} Long term procainamide therapy is known to induce hyperse..."

2019-04-25T18:06:40Z

Created page with " {{intro}} Procainamide is an oral antiarrhythmic agent that has been in wide use for more than 60 years. {{livtox}} Long term procainamide therapy is known to induce hyperse..."

New page

{{intro}}
Procainamide is an oral antiarrhythmic agent that has been in wide use for more than 60 years.
{{livtox}}
Long term procainamide therapy is known to induce hypersensitivity reactions, autoantibody formation and a lupus-like syndrome but is a rare cause of clinically apparent acute [[liver injury]].

{{moa}}
Procainamide (proe kane' a mide) is an analogue of the local anesthetic procaine and has electrophysiological effects that resemble quinidine. Procainamide appears to act by blocking open sodium channels and outward potassium channels. As a consequence, it decreases cardiac automaticity, increases refractory periods and slows conduction.

{{fda}}

Procainamide was approved for use in the United States in 1950, and current indications include suppression of symptomatic premature ventricular contractions and life threatening ventricular [[tachycardia]], as well as maintenance of normal sinus rhythm after conversion of atrial fibrillation or flutter. Because of its safety profile, procainamide is now rare used.

{{dose}}

Procainamide is available in capsules and tablets of 250, 375 and 500 mg generically as well as under the brand name Pronestyl; it is also available as extended release forms of 250, 500, 750 and 1,000 mg under the brand name Procanbid. The usual maintenance dose in adults is 500 to 1000 mg every 4 to 6 hours.

{{se}}

The most common side effects include [[headache]], nervousness, [[anxiety]], [[nausea]], decreased appetite, [[palpitations]] and disturbed sleep.

{{antiarrhythmic agents}}

{{coststubd}}

Procainamide - Revision history

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Prab: Created page with " {{intro}} Procainamide is an oral antiarrhythmic agent that has been in wide use for more than 60 years. {{livtox}} Long term procainamide therapy is known to induce hyperse..."