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2025-02-18T04:36:08Z

CSV import

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			<gallery>
			File:Pre-mRNA.svg\|Primary_transcript
			File:Transcription_label_en.jpg\|Transcription process
			File:Transcription.jpg\|Transcription
			File:Role_of_transcription_factor_in_gene_expression_regulation.svg\|Role of transcription factor in gene expression regulation
			File:Alternativ_splicing.png\|Alternative splicing
			</gallery>

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2024-02-25T16:24:08Z

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'''Primary transcript''' is the single-stranded ribonucleic acid (RNA) product synthesized by [[DNA transcription|transcription]] of a [[gene]]. In [[eukaryotes]], primary transcripts undergo [[RNA processing]] to become mature RNA products such as [[messenger RNA|mRNA]], [[ribosomal RNA|rRNA]], and [[transfer RNA|tRNA]].

== Overview ==

Primary transcripts are synthesized by [[RNA polymerase]] during the process of transcription. The enzyme binds to a specific region of the DNA known as the [[promoter (genetics)|promoter]] and begins to synthesize a complementary RNA strand. The resulting primary transcript is a copy of the gene that was transcribed.

In eukaryotes, primary transcripts often undergo several modifications before they become mature RNA molecules. These modifications include [[5' cap|5' capping]], [[polyadenylation]], and [[RNA splicing]]. The mature RNA products then play various roles in the cell, such as coding for proteins (mRNA), forming the structural and functional core of the ribosome (rRNA), or transporting amino acids during protein synthesis (tRNA).

== RNA Processing ==

RNA processing is a series of modifications that a primary transcript undergoes to become a mature RNA molecule. These modifications are necessary for the RNA to function properly in the cell.

=== 5' Capping ===

The 5' end of the primary transcript is modified by the addition of a [[guanosine]] cap. This cap protects the RNA from degradation and is also important for [[translation (biology)|translation]].

=== Polyadenylation ===

The 3' end of the primary transcript is cleaved and a poly(A) tail is added. This tail aids in the stability of the RNA and in its export from the nucleus.

=== RNA Splicing ===

Introns, or non-coding regions, are removed from the primary transcript and the remaining exons, or coding regions, are joined together. This process is known as splicing.

== See Also ==

* [[RNA polymerase]]
* [[Promoter (genetics)]]
* [[5' cap]]
* [[Polyadenylation]]
* [[RNA splicing]]

[[Category:Genetics]]
[[Category:Molecular biology]]
[[Category:RNA]]

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Primary transcript - Revision history

Prab: CSV import

Prab: CSV import