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'''Primary election'''

A '''primary election''' is a process by which voters can indicate their preference for their party's candidate, or a candidate in general, in an upcoming general election, local election, or by-election. This process is used in various countries, but it is most commonly associated with the [[United States]].

== Types of Primary Elections ==
Primary elections can be classified into several types:

* '''[[Closed primary]]''': Only registered party members can vote in their party's primary.
* '''[[Open primary]]''': Any registered voter can participate in any party's primary.
* '''[[Semi-closed primary]]''': Registered party members and unaffiliated voters can participate.
* '''[[Blanket primary]]''': Voters can choose candidates from any party for each office.
* '''[[Nonpartisan blanket primary]]''': All candidates appear on the same ballot, regardless of party, and the top two vote-getters advance to the general election.

== Purpose ==
The primary election serves several purposes:
* To narrow the field of candidates within a political party.
* To allow party members to have a say in the selection of their party's candidate.
* To increase voter engagement and participation in the electoral process.

== History ==
The concept of primary elections originated in the [[United States]] in the early 20th century as part of the [[Progressive Era]] reforms. The aim was to reduce the power of political machines and increase democratic participation.

== Process ==
The process of a primary election typically involves:
1. **Candidate Declaration**: Candidates declare their intention to run.
2. **Campaigning**: Candidates campaign to win the support of voters.
3. **Voting**: Voters cast their ballots for their preferred candidate.
4. **Counting and Results**: Votes are counted, and the candidate with the most votes wins the primary.

== Significance ==
Primary elections are significant because they:
* Determine the candidates who will appear on the ballot in the general election.
* Reflect the political preferences of party members.
* Can influence the strategies and platforms of political parties.

== Criticisms ==
Primary elections have faced several criticisms, including:
* Low voter turnout, which may not accurately reflect the preferences of the broader electorate.
* The influence of money and media on the outcome.
* The potential for strategic voting by members of opposing parties in open primaries.

== Related Pages ==
* [[General election]]
* [[By-election]]
* [[Political party]]
* [[Electoral system]]
* [[Voting]]
* [[Campaign finance]]

== See Also ==
* [[Caucus]]
* [[Delegate]]
* [[Superdelegate]]
* [[Electoral college]]

[[Category:Elections]]
[[Category:Political terminology]]
[[Category:United States politics]]

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Primary election - Revision history

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