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			{{SI}}
			{{Infobox medical condition
			\| name = Polycythemia
			\| image = [[File:1901_Composition_of_Blood.jpg\|250px]]
			\| caption = Composition of blood
			\| field = [[Hematology]]
			\| symptoms = [[Headache]], [[dizziness]], [[itching]], [[redness of the skin]], [[shortness of breath]]
			\| complications = [[Thrombosis]], [[stroke]], [[myocardial infarction]], [[gout]]
			\| onset = Gradual
			\| duration = Long-term
			\| causes = [[Primary polycythemia]] (genetic), [[secondary polycythemia]] (environmental or disease-related)
			\| risks = [[Smoking]], [[high altitude]], [[chronic hypoxia]], [[tumors]]
			\| diagnosis = [[Complete blood count]], [[hematocrit]] measurement, [[erythropoietin]] level
			\| differential = [[Dehydration]], [[stress polycythemia]], [[relative polycythemia]]
			\| treatment = [[Phlebotomy]], [[medication]] (e.g., [[hydroxyurea]], [[interferon]]), [[aspirin]]
			\| prognosis = Variable, depending on type and treatment
			\| frequency = Rare
			}}
	[[Polycythemia]] is a medical condition characterized by an increased concentration of [[red blood cells]] (erythrocytes) in the blood. This increase can be a response to an event such as living at high altitudes or a symptom of an underlying disease.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=What Is Polycythemia Vera? \|url=https://www.webmd.com/cancer/polycythemia-vera \|publisher=WebMD \|access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>		[[Polycythemia]] is a medical condition characterized by an increased concentration of [[red blood cells]] (erythrocytes) in the blood. This increase can be a response to an event such as living at high altitudes or a symptom of an underlying disease.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=What Is Polycythemia Vera? \|url=https://www.webmd.com/cancer/polycythemia-vera \|publisher=WebMD \|access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>
	~~[[File:1901 Composition of Blood.jpg\|thumb\|Composition of Blood]]~~
	==Classification==		==Classification==
	[[File:Polycythemia vera, blood smear.jpg\|thumb\|Polycythemia vera, blood smear]]		[[File:Polycythemia vera, blood smear.jpg\|left\|thumb\|Polycythemia vera, blood smear]]
	Polycythemia can be classified into primary and secondary types.		Polycythemia can be classified into primary and secondary types.

	===Primary Polycythemia===		===Primary Polycythemia===
	Primary polycythemia, also known as [[polycythemia vera]], is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder where overproduction of red blood cells occurs due to abnormality in the bone marrow. This is often due to mutations in the JAK2 gene.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Polycythemia Vera \|url=https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/polycythemia-vera#genes \|publisher=Genetics Home Reference \|access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>		Primary polycythemia, also known as [[polycythemia vera]], is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder where overproduction of red blood cells occurs due to abnormality in the bone marrow. This is often due to mutations in the JAK2 gene.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Polycythemia Vera \|url=https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/polycythemia-vera#genes \|publisher=Genetics Home Reference \|access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>

	===Secondary Polycythemia===		===Secondary Polycythemia===
	Secondary polycythemia is caused by either natural or artificial factors that induce erythropoietin production, such as living at high altitudes, chronic hypoxia, or tumors.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Polycythemia \|url=https://www.lecturio.com/concepts/polycythemia/ \|publisher=Lecturio Medical Concept Library \|access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>		Secondary polycythemia is caused by either natural or artificial factors that induce erythropoietin production, such as living at high altitudes, chronic hypoxia, or tumors.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Polycythemia \|url=https://www.lecturio.com/concepts/polycythemia/ \|publisher=Lecturio Medical Concept Library \|access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>

	==Pathophysiology==		==Pathophysiology==

	In polycythemia, the increase in the volume of red blood cells leads to an increase in blood viscosity and total blood volume, potentially leading to hyperviscosity syndrome. This condition can result in complications such as thrombosis and can put strain on the heart, leading to heart failure.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Polycythemia (High Red Blood Cell Count) \|url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/polycythemia/basics/definition/sym-20050760 \|publisher=Mayo Clinic \|access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>		In polycythemia, the increase in the volume of red blood cells leads to an increase in blood viscosity and total blood volume, potentially leading to hyperviscosity syndrome. This condition can result in complications such as thrombosis and can put strain on the heart, leading to heart failure.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Polycythemia (High Red Blood Cell Count) \|url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/polycythemia/basics/definition/sym-20050760 \|publisher=Mayo Clinic \|access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>

	==Clinical Features==		==Clinical Features==

	Symptoms of polycythemia may include fatigue, headache, itchiness, bone pain, joint pain, dizziness, abdominal discomfort, and an enlarged spleen. In severe cases, stroke or heart attack may occur.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Polycythemia vera - Symptoms and causes \|url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polycythemia-vera/symptoms-causes/syc-20355850 \|publisher=Mayo Clinic \|access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>		Symptoms of polycythemia may include fatigue, headache, itchiness, bone pain, joint pain, dizziness, abdominal discomfort, and an enlarged spleen. In severe cases, stroke or heart attack may occur.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Polycythemia vera - Symptoms and causes \|url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polycythemia-vera/symptoms-causes/syc-20355850 \|publisher=Mayo Clinic \|access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>

	==Diagnosis and Treatment==		==Diagnosis and Treatment==

	Diagnosis is based on a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests including a complete blood count and bone marrow biopsy. Treatment can include phlebotomy, medications to reduce blood cells production, or treatments to alleviate symptoms.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Polycythemia vera \|url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/polycythemia-vera \|publisher=National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute \|access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>		Diagnosis is based on a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests including a complete blood count and bone marrow biopsy. Treatment can include phlebotomy, medications to reduce blood cells production, or treatments to alleviate symptoms.<ref>{{Cite web \|title=Polycythemia vera \|url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/polycythemia-vera \|publisher=National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute \|access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>

	==References==		==References==
	<references />		<references />

	[[Category:Hematology]]		[[Category:Hematology]]
	[[Category:Blood disorders]]		[[Category:Blood disorders]]
	{{stub}}		{{stub}}

Prab at 02:30, 25 May 2023

2023-05-25T02:30:10Z

New page

[[Polycythemia]] is a medical condition characterized by an increased concentration of [[red blood cells]] (erythrocytes) in the blood. This increase can be a response to an event such as living at high altitudes or a symptom of an underlying disease.<ref>{{Cite web |title=What Is Polycythemia Vera? |url=https://www.webmd.com/cancer/polycythemia-vera |publisher=WebMD |access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>
[[File:1901 Composition of Blood.jpg|thumb|Composition of Blood]]
==Classification==
[[File:Polycythemia vera, blood smear.jpg|thumb|Polycythemia vera, blood smear]]
Polycythemia can be classified into primary and secondary types.

===Primary Polycythemia===
Primary polycythemia, also known as [[polycythemia vera]], is a chronic myeloproliferative disorder where overproduction of red blood cells occurs due to abnormality in the bone marrow. This is often due to mutations in the JAK2 gene.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Polycythemia Vera |url=https://ghr.nlm.nih.gov/condition/polycythemia-vera#genes |publisher=Genetics Home Reference |access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>

===Secondary Polycythemia===
Secondary polycythemia is caused by either natural or artificial factors that induce erythropoietin production, such as living at high altitudes, chronic hypoxia, or tumors.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Polycythemia |url=https://www.lecturio.com/concepts/polycythemia/ |publisher=Lecturio Medical Concept Library |access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>

==Pathophysiology==

In polycythemia, the increase in the volume of red blood cells leads to an increase in blood viscosity and total blood volume, potentially leading to hyperviscosity syndrome. This condition can result in complications such as thrombosis and can put strain on the heart, leading to heart failure.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Polycythemia (High Red Blood Cell Count) |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/symptoms/polycythemia/basics/definition/sym-20050760 |publisher=Mayo Clinic |access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>

==Clinical Features==

Symptoms of polycythemia may include fatigue, headache, itchiness, bone pain, joint pain, dizziness, abdominal discomfort, and an enlarged spleen. In severe cases, stroke or heart attack may occur.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Polycythemia vera - Symptoms and causes |url=https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/polycythemia-vera/symptoms-causes/syc-20355850 |publisher=Mayo Clinic |access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>

==Diagnosis and Treatment==

Diagnosis is based on a combination of physical examination, medical history, and laboratory tests including a complete blood count and bone marrow biopsy. Treatment can include phlebotomy, medications to reduce blood cells production, or treatments to alleviate symptoms.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Polycythemia vera |url=https://www.nhlbi.nih.gov/health-topics/polycythemia-vera |publisher=National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute |access-date=2023-05-18}}</ref>

==References==
<references />

[[Category:Hematology]]
[[Category:Blood disorders]]
{{stub}}

Polycythemia - Revision history

Prab: CSV import

Prab at 02:30, 25 May 2023