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	~~'''~~Phosphine''' (also known as '''phosphane''') is a colorless, flammable, and toxic gas that is composed of one phosphorus atom and three hydrogen atoms. It is chemically represented as PH3. Phosphine is used in a variety of industrial applications, including as a reducing agent, a fumigant, and in the production of semiconductors.		== Phosphine ==

	~~==Chemical Properties==~~		[[File:Phosphine.png\|thumb\|right\|Structural formula of phosphine]]
	Phosphine ~~is a polar molecule with a dipole moment of 0.58 D. It has a boiling point of -87~~.~~7 degrees Celsius and a melting point~~ of ~~-133.2 degrees Celsius. Phosphine is soluble in water and can react with oxygen to form phosphorus pentoxide and water.~~

	~~==Production==~~		'''Phosphine''' is a [[chemical compound]] with the formula '''PH_'''. It is a colorless, flammable, and toxic gas with a distinctively unpleasant odor, similar to that of [[garlic]] or [[rotting fish]]. Phosphine is a [[pnictogen hydride]] and is classified as a [[hydride]] of [[phosphorus]].
	Phosphine ~~can be produced in~~ a ~~variety of ways~~, ~~including by the reaction~~ of ~~white phosphorus with alkali~~ or ~~by the reaction~~ of ~~calcium phosphide with water or dilute acids~~.

	==~~Uses~~==		== Properties ==
	~~Phosphine is used in a variety of industrial applications. It is used as a reducing agent in the production of semiconductors, as a fumigant in stored grain, and in the production of flame retardants.~~

	==Safety==		Phosphine is a [[polar molecule]] with a [[trigonal pyramidal molecular geometry]]. The [[phosphorus]] atom in phosphine is bonded to three [[hydrogen]] atoms, and it has a lone pair of electrons, which contributes to its shape and polarity. The bond angles in phosphine are approximately 93.5 degrees, which is smaller than the typical tetrahedral angle of 109.5 degrees due to the repulsion of the lone pair.
	Phosphine is a highly toxic ~~gas~~. ~~Exposure to phosphine~~ can cause nausea, ~~vomiting, abdominal pain~~, and ~~difficulty breathing~~. In ~~severe cases~~, ~~exposure~~ can ~~lead to pulmonary edema~~, ~~seizures~~, ~~and death~~.
			== Production ==

			Phosphine can be produced by several methods, including the reaction of [[white phosphorus]] with [[sodium hydroxide]] or by the hydrolysis of [[calcium phosphide]]. Industrially, it is often produced by the reaction of [[phosphorus trichloride]] with [[water]] or [[alcohols]].

			== Uses ==

			Phosphine is used in various industrial applications, including as a [[fumigant]] for stored grain and as a precursor to other phosphorus compounds. It is also used in the [[semiconductor]] industry for the [[doping]] of [[silicon]] and other materials.

			== Safety ==

			Phosphine is highly toxic and poses significant health risks if inhaled. It can cause symptoms such as [[nausea]], [[dizziness]], and [[respiratory distress]]. In high concentrations, it can be fatal. Proper safety precautions, including the use of [[gas detectors]] and [[ventilation systems]], are essential when handling phosphine.

			== Related pages ==

	~~==See Also==~~
	* [[Phosphorus]]		* [[Phosphorus]]
	* [[~~Hydrogen~~]]		* [[Hydride]]
	* [[~~Chemical compound~~]]		* [[Pnictogen]]
	* [[~~Toxicity]]~~		* [[Toxic gas]]

	~~[[Category:Chemical compounds]]~~
	~~[[Category:Industrial chemicals]]~~
	~~[[Category:~~Toxic ~~substances~~]]

	~~{{stub}}~~		[[Category:Phosphorus compounds]]
	~~{{dictionary-stub1}}~~		[[Category:Hydrides]]
			[[Category:Toxic gases]]

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2024-02-24T00:41:20Z

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'''Phosphine''' (also known as '''phosphane''') is a colorless, flammable, and toxic gas that is composed of one phosphorus atom and three hydrogen atoms. It is chemically represented as PH3. Phosphine is used in a variety of industrial applications, including as a reducing agent, a fumigant, and in the production of semiconductors.

==Chemical Properties==
Phosphine is a polar molecule with a dipole moment of 0.58 D. It has a boiling point of -87.7 degrees Celsius and a melting point of -133.2 degrees Celsius. Phosphine is soluble in water and can react with oxygen to form phosphorus pentoxide and water.

==Production==
Phosphine can be produced in a variety of ways, including by the reaction of white phosphorus with alkali or by the reaction of calcium phosphide with water or dilute acids.

==Uses==
Phosphine is used in a variety of industrial applications. It is used as a reducing agent in the production of semiconductors, as a fumigant in stored grain, and in the production of flame retardants.

==Safety==
Phosphine is a highly toxic gas. Exposure to phosphine can cause nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, exposure can lead to pulmonary edema, seizures, and death.

==See Also==
* [[Phosphorus]]
* [[Hydrogen]]
* [[Chemical compound]]
* [[Toxicity]]

[[Category:Chemical compounds]]
[[Category:Industrial chemicals]]
[[Category:Toxic substances]]

{{stub}}
{{dictionary-stub1}}

Phosphine - Revision history

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