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			== Phenothiazine ==
			<gallery>
			File:Phenothiazine.svg\|Chemical structure of Phenothiazine
			File:Phenothiazine-McDowell-3D-vdW.png\|3D van der Waals model of Phenothiazine
			File:Phenothiazine-non-planar-McDowell-3D-balls.png\|Non-planar 3D ball-and-stick model of Phenothiazine
			</gallery>

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'''Phenothiazine''' is a type of [[organic compound]] that is often used in the production of [[antipsychotic]] and [[antihistamine]] medications. It is a heterocyclic compound, meaning it contains atoms of at least two different elements as part of its ring structure.

== History ==

Phenothiazine was first synthesized in the 1880s by [[August Bernthsen]], a German chemist. However, it was not until the mid-20th century that its medicinal properties were discovered. In the 1950s, French researchers discovered that phenothiazine had antipsychotic properties, leading to its use in the treatment of [[schizophrenia]] and other mental health disorders.

== Structure and Properties ==

Phenothiazine is a tricyclic compound, meaning it has three interconnected rings of atoms. The central ring is a [[sulfur]]-containing ring, while the two outer rings are composed of [[carbon]] atoms. This structure gives phenothiazine its unique properties, including its ability to block certain [[neurotransmitter]]s in the brain.

== Medical Uses ==

Phenothiazine is used in a variety of medications, most notably antipsychotics and antihistamines. Antipsychotic medications containing phenothiazine are used to treat conditions such as schizophrenia, [[bipolar disorder]], and other serious mental health disorders. Antihistamines containing phenothiazine are used to treat allergies and other conditions caused by an overactive immune response.

== Side Effects and Risks ==

Like all medications, those containing phenothiazine can have side effects. These can include drowsiness, dizziness, and blurred vision. In rare cases, long-term use of phenothiazine can lead to a condition known as [[tardive dyskinesia]], which causes involuntary movements of the face and body.

== See Also ==

* [[Antipsychotic]]
* [[Antihistamine]]
* [[Schizophrenia]]
* [[Bipolar disorder]]
* [[Tardive dyskinesia]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Organic compounds]]
[[Category:Medicinal chemistry]]
[[Category:Antipsychotics]]
[[Category:Antihistamines]]
{{medicine-stub}}

Phenothiazine - Revision history

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