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	'''Perirhinal cortex''' is a part of the [[brain]] located in the [[medial temporal lobe]], and plays a significant role in [[memory]] and [[recognition]]. It is named for its proximity to the [[rhinal sulcus]], a deep groove in the brain's surface.

	== ~~Anatomy~~ ==		{{Infobox brain
	~~The perirhinal cortex is located in the medial~~ temporal lobe~~, adjacent to the~~ [[~~entorhinal cortex~~]]~~. It is divided into two areas, area 35 and area 36, which have distinct connections and different functions. Area 35 is closer to the rhinal sulcus~~, ~~while area 36 is closer to the~~ [[~~hippocampus~~]].		\| Name = Perirhinal cortex
			\| Latin = Cortex perirhinalis
			\| Image =
			\| Caption =
			\| IsPartOf = [[Medial temporal lobe]]
			\| Artery = [[Posterior cerebral artery]]
			\| Vein =
			\| System = [[Limbic system]]
			\| Function = [[Memory]], [[Perception]]
			}}

	[[~~File:Perirhinal cortex location~~.~~png\|thumb\|Location~~ of ~~the~~ perirhinal cortex in the ~~brain~~]]		The '''perirhinal cortex''' is a region of the [[brain]] located in the [[medial temporal lobe]]. It plays a crucial role in the processing of [[memory]] and [[perception]]. The perirhinal cortex is involved in the recognition and identification of objects, and it is essential for the formation of [[declarative memory]].

	== ~~Function~~ ==		==Anatomy==
	The perirhinal cortex is ~~involved in both visual recognition~~ and ~~memory~~. It is ~~particularly important for~~ the ~~recognition of individual objects~~, and ~~damage to this area can lead to~~ [[~~visual agnosia~~]]~~, a condition in which patients can see objects but cannot recognize or identify them~~.		The perirhinal cortex is situated adjacent to the [[entorhinal cortex]] and is part of the [[parahippocampal gyrus]]. It receives input from the [[visual cortex]] and is interconnected with the [[hippocampus]], [[amygdala]], and other regions of the [[limbic system]].

	~~In terms~~ of ~~memory,~~ the perirhinal cortex is ~~involved in~~ [[~~declarative~~ memory]], which ~~is the ability~~ to ~~consciously recall facts~~ and ~~events~~. ~~It is~~ also ~~involved in~~ [[~~fear conditioning~~]]~~, a type~~ of ~~learning in which an organism learns to associate a neutral stimulus with an aversive event~~.		==Function==
			The primary function of the perirhinal cortex is to facilitate the encoding and retrieval of [[memory]]. It is particularly important for [[object recognition memory]], which allows individuals to identify and remember objects they have encountered before. The perirhinal cortex also contributes to [[perceptual processing]] by integrating sensory information to form complex representations of objects.

	== Clinical significance ==		==Clinical significance==
	Damage to the perirhinal cortex can ~~lead to a variety of cognitive deficits, including~~ [[~~amnesia~~]]~~, visual agnosia, and~~ [[~~prosopagnosia~~]], a condition ~~in which patients cannot recognize faces~~. It has ~~also been implicated~~ in [[Alzheimer's disease]], ~~as this area of~~ the ~~brain is one of the first to show signs~~ of ~~degeneration~~.		Damage to the perirhinal cortex can result in [[memory disorders]] such as [[amnesia]]. It may also affect the ability to recognize objects, a condition known as [[visual agnosia]]. Research has shown that the perirhinal cortex is involved in [[Alzheimer's disease]] and other forms of [[dementia]], where its dysfunction contributes to the memory impairments characteristic of these conditions.

	== ~~See also~~ ==		==Research==
	* [[~~Rhinal sulcus~~]]		Studies using [[functional magnetic resonance imaging]] (fMRI) have demonstrated the activation of the perirhinal cortex during tasks involving memory and perception. Animal studies, particularly in [[rodents]] and [[primates]], have provided insights into the specific neural circuits and mechanisms underlying its functions.
	* [[~~Medial temporal lobe~~]]
			==See also==
			* [[Hippocampus]]
	* [[Entorhinal cortex]]		* [[Entorhinal cortex]]
	* [[~~Hippocampus~~]]		* [[Parahippocampal gyrus]]
	* [[~~Visual agnosia~~]]		* [[Limbic system]]
	* [[Declarative memory]]
	* [[Fear conditioning]]		==References==
	* [[Amnesia]]		{{Reflist}}
	* [[Prosopagnosia]]
	* [[Alzheimer's disease]]

	== ~~References~~ ==		==External links==
	~~<references~~ />		* [https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Perirhinal_cortex Perirhinal cortex on WikiMD]

	[[Category:Neuroanatomy]]		[[Category:Neuroanatomy]]
	[[Category:Memory]]		[[Category:Memory]]
	[[Category:~~Visual~~ system]]		[[Category:Limbic system]]
	[[Category:Temporal lobe]]		[[Category:Temporal lobe]]

	~~{{anatomy-stub}}~~

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'''Perirhinal cortex''' is a part of the [[brain]] located in the [[medial temporal lobe]], and plays a significant role in [[memory]] and [[recognition]]. It is named for its proximity to the [[rhinal sulcus]], a deep groove in the brain's surface.

== Anatomy ==
The perirhinal cortex is located in the medial temporal lobe, adjacent to the [[entorhinal cortex]]. It is divided into two areas, area 35 and area 36, which have distinct connections and different functions. Area 35 is closer to the rhinal sulcus, while area 36 is closer to the [[hippocampus]].

[[File:Perirhinal cortex location.png|thumb|Location of the perirhinal cortex in the brain]]

== Function ==
The perirhinal cortex is involved in both visual recognition and memory. It is particularly important for the recognition of individual objects, and damage to this area can lead to [[visual agnosia]], a condition in which patients can see objects but cannot recognize or identify them.

In terms of memory, the perirhinal cortex is involved in [[declarative memory]], which is the ability to consciously recall facts and events. It is also involved in [[fear conditioning]], a type of learning in which an organism learns to associate a neutral stimulus with an aversive event.

== Clinical significance ==
Damage to the perirhinal cortex can lead to a variety of cognitive deficits, including [[amnesia]], visual agnosia, and [[prosopagnosia]], a condition in which patients cannot recognize faces. It has also been implicated in [[Alzheimer's disease]], as this area of the brain is one of the first to show signs of degeneration.

== See also ==
* [[Rhinal sulcus]]
* [[Medial temporal lobe]]
* [[Entorhinal cortex]]
* [[Hippocampus]]
* [[Visual agnosia]]
* [[Declarative memory]]
* [[Fear conditioning]]
* [[Amnesia]]
* [[Prosopagnosia]]
* [[Alzheimer's disease]]

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Neuroanatomy]]
[[Category:Memory]]
[[Category:Visual system]]
[[Category:Temporal lobe]]

{{anatomy-stub}}

Perirhinal cortex - Revision history

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