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	~~== Periarteriolar Lymphoid Sheaths ==~~

	~~[[File:~~Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths~~.jpg~~\|~~thumb~~\|~~right~~\|~~300px~~\|~~Illustration~~ of ~~Periarteriolar Lymphoid Sheaths~~]]		{{Infobox anatomy
			\| Name = Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths
			\| Latin =
			\| Image =
			\| Caption =
			\| System = Immune system
			\| Part of = [[Spleen]]
			\| Artery =
			\| Vein =
			\| Nerve =
			\| Lymph =
			\| Precursor =
			\| Function = Immune response
			\| Identifiers =
			}}

	~~The~~ '''Periarteriolar ~~Lymphoid Sheaths~~''' (PALS) are a ~~distinctive feature~~ of the [[~~spleen~~]]~~'s white pulp, which is a part~~ of the [[~~immune system~~]]. They are primarily composed of [[T ~~cells~~]] and ~~are located around~~ the central arterioles within the spleen.		'''Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths''' (PALS) are a component of the [[white pulp]] of the [[spleen]]. They are primarily composed of [[T lymphocytes]] and surround the central [[arterioles]] within the spleen. PALS play a crucial role in the immune response by facilitating interactions between [[antigen-presenting cells]] and [[T cells]].

	== Structure ==		==Structure==
			PALS are organized around the central arterioles of the spleen and are part of the [[white pulp]], which also includes [[lymphoid follicles]] and the [[marginal zone]]. The white pulp is responsible for the immune functions of the spleen, contrasting with the [[red pulp]], which is involved in filtering blood and removing old or damaged [[red blood cells]].

	The PALS ~~are cylindrical structures that surround~~ the ~~central arterioles in the spleen. They are primarily composed~~ of ~~T cells, but also contain other immune cells such as~~ [[B cells]], [[~~macrophages~~]], and ~~[[dendritic cells]]~~. ~~The PALS are separated from the red pulp of~~ the ~~spleen by the marginal zone, which is a region rich in [[B cells]], [[macrophages]],~~ and ~~[[dendritic cells]]~~.		==Function==
			The primary function of PALS is to support the activation and proliferation of [[T cells]] in response to antigens. When an antigen is presented by [[dendritic cells]] or other antigen-presenting cells, T cells within the PALS can become activated and initiate an immune response. This process is essential for the body's defense against infections and other foreign invaders.

	~~== Function ==~~		==Clinical significance==
			Alterations in the structure or function of PALS can be indicative of various [[immunological disorders]]. For example, in conditions such as [[splenomegaly]], the architecture of the spleen, including the PALS, may be disrupted. Understanding the role of PALS in immune responses can aid in the diagnosis and treatment of such conditions.
	The primary function of the PALS is to provide a site for the activation of T cells. When an antigen enters the spleen, it is captured by dendritic cells in the marginal zone. These dendritic cells then migrate to the PALS, where they present the antigen to T cells. This leads to the activation of the T cells, which then proliferate and differentiate into effector T cells.

	== Clinical ~~Significance~~ ==

	~~Abnormalities~~ in the structure or function of ~~the~~ PALS can ~~lead to a variety~~ of ~~immune~~ disorders. For example, in [[~~autoimmune diseases~~]], the PALS may ~~become hyperactive, leading to~~ the ~~destruction~~ of ~~self-tissues. Conversely,~~ in ~~[[immunodeficiency diseases]],~~ the ~~PALS may be underactive, leading to an inability to fight off infections~~.

	~~== See Also ==~~

			==See also==
	* [[Spleen]]		* [[Spleen]]
	* [[~~T cells~~]]		* [[White pulp]]
	* [[~~B cells]]~~		* [[T lymphocytes]]
	* [[Dendritic cells]]		* [[Immune system]]
	* [[~~Macrophages~~]]

	~~== References ==~~

	~~<references />~~		==References==
			{{Reflist}}

	[[Category:Anatomy]]		[[Category:Anatomy]]
	[[Category:~~Immunology~~]]		[[Category:Immune system]]
	[[Category:~~Human body~~]]		[[Category:Lymphoid tissue]]

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== Periarteriolar Lymphoid Sheaths ==

[[File:Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths.jpg|thumb|right|300px|Illustration of Periarteriolar Lymphoid Sheaths]]

The '''Periarteriolar Lymphoid Sheaths''' (PALS) are a distinctive feature of the [[spleen]]'s white pulp, which is a part of the [[immune system]]. They are primarily composed of [[T cells]] and are located around the central arterioles within the spleen.

== Structure ==

The PALS are cylindrical structures that surround the central arterioles in the spleen. They are primarily composed of T cells, but also contain other immune cells such as [[B cells]], [[macrophages]], and [[dendritic cells]]. The PALS are separated from the red pulp of the spleen by the marginal zone, which is a region rich in [[B cells]], [[macrophages]], and [[dendritic cells]].

== Function ==

The primary function of the PALS is to provide a site for the activation of T cells. When an antigen enters the spleen, it is captured by dendritic cells in the marginal zone. These dendritic cells then migrate to the PALS, where they present the antigen to T cells. This leads to the activation of the T cells, which then proliferate and differentiate into effector T cells.

== Clinical Significance ==

Abnormalities in the structure or function of the PALS can lead to a variety of immune disorders. For example, in [[autoimmune diseases]], the PALS may become hyperactive, leading to the destruction of self-tissues. Conversely, in [[immunodeficiency diseases]], the PALS may be underactive, leading to an inability to fight off infections.

== See Also ==

* [[Spleen]]
* [[T cells]]
* [[B cells]]
* [[Dendritic cells]]
* [[Macrophages]]

== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Anatomy]]
[[Category:Immunology]]
[[Category:Human body]]

Periarteriolar lymphoid sheaths - Revision history

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