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[[File:USAF_F-16A_F-15C_F-15E_Desert_Storm_edit2.jpg|USAF F-16A F-15C F-15E Desert Storm edit2|thumb]] '''Peace enforcement''' is a type of [[military operation]] or [[diplomatic activity]] aimed at restoring [[peace]] in areas of conflict. Unlike [[peacekeeping]], which generally involves the deployment of forces to maintain peace and security already established through a ceasefire or agreement, peace enforcement may require the use of armed force to bring hostile parties to a halt, compelling them to cease aggression and engage in peaceful negotiations.

==Overview==
Peace enforcement actions are undertaken under the authorization of international bodies such as the [[United Nations]] (UN) or regional organizations like the [[African Union]] (AU) or the [[North Atlantic Treaty Organization]] (NATO). These operations are typically sanctioned through resolutions that define the scope and limitations of the intervention. The legal basis for peace enforcement under international law is often derived from Chapter VII of the [[United Nations Charter]], which allows for the use of force to maintain or restore international peace and security.

==Objectives==
The primary objective of peace enforcement is to create a secure environment that facilitates the return to diplomacy and the establishment of a lasting peace agreement. This may involve:
* Disarming and demobilizing combatants
* Protecting civilians and humanitarian aid workers
* Restoring law and order
* Supporting the establishment of a legitimate and recognized government

==Challenges==
Peace enforcement operations face numerous challenges, including:
* Determining the appropriate level of force to use
* Maintaining neutrality and impartiality in the eyes of the local population and the international community
* Transitioning from peace enforcement to [[peacekeeping]] and eventually to post-conflict reconstruction and development

==Notable Examples==
Several notable peace enforcement operations include:
* The NATO-led intervention in Bosnia and Herzegovina in the 1990s, aimed at ending the Bosnian War.
* The UN-authorized, NATO-led operation in Libya in 2011, which aimed to protect civilians during the Libyan Civil War.

==Criticism==
Peace enforcement operations have been subject to criticism for various reasons, including:
* The potential for significant collateral damage and civilian casualties
* The challenge of achieving long-term peace and stability
* The perception of violating state sovereignty

==Conclusion==
Peace enforcement plays a critical role in the international community's toolkit for managing and resolving conflicts. While it carries inherent risks and challenges, it remains a necessary option when traditional peacekeeping efforts are insufficient to halt violence and restore order.

[[Category:Peace]]
[[Category:Conflict resolution]]
[[Category:Military operations]]

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Peace enforcement - Revision history

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