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{{Short description|Division of a territory into separate political entities}}
{{Use dmy dates|date=October 2023}}

'''Partition''' refers to the division of a territory into separate political entities. This process can occur for various reasons, including political, ethnic, religious, or administrative purposes. Partitions have played significant roles in shaping the modern world, often leading to the creation of new [[sovereign state]]s and altering the geopolitical landscape.

==Historical Examples==
===Partition of India===
The [[Partition of India]] in 1947 is one of the most notable examples. It led to the creation of two independent dominions, [[India]] and [[Pakistan]]. The partition was based on religious lines, with India having a Hindu majority and Pakistan a Muslim majority. This event resulted in significant demographic changes, mass migrations, and widespread violence.

===Partition of Ireland===
The [[Partition of Ireland]] in 1921 resulted in the establishment of [[Northern Ireland]] as part of the [[United Kingdom]] and the creation of the [[Irish Free State]], which later became the [[Republic of Ireland]]. This partition was primarily driven by political and religious differences between the predominantly Protestant unionists in the north and the predominantly Catholic nationalists in the south.

===Partition of Palestine===
The [[Partition of Palestine]] in 1947, proposed by the [[United Nations]], aimed to create separate Jewish and Arab states. This plan was accepted by the Jewish community but rejected by the Arab community, leading to the [[1948 Arab-Israeli War]] and the establishment of the state of [[Israel]].

==Types of Partition==
===Ethnic Partition===
Ethnic partition involves dividing a territory based on ethnic lines. This type of partition is often proposed as a solution to ethnic conflicts, although it can also lead to further tensions and displacement.

===Religious Partition===
Religious partition occurs when a territory is divided based on religious demographics. The [[Partition of India]] is a prime example, where the division was made to create separate states for Hindus and Muslims.

===Administrative Partition===
Administrative partition refers to the division of a territory for better governance and administrative efficiency. This type of partition is usually less contentious and aims to improve local governance.

==Consequences of Partition==
Partitions can have profound and lasting impacts on the affected regions. These consequences can include:
* [[Population transfer]]s and migrations
* [[Ethnic cleansing]] and violence
* Creation of new [[international border]]s
* Long-term political and social instability

==Related Pages==
* [[Partition of India]]
* [[Partition of Ireland]]
* [[Partition of Palestine]]
* [[Sovereign state]]
* [[International border]]
* [[Ethnic cleansing]]
* [[Population transfer]]

==See Also==
* [[Decolonization]]
* [[Geopolitics]]
* [[Nation-state]]
* [[Secession]]

[[Category:Political geography]]
[[Category:Geopolitics]]
[[Category:History]]

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Partition - Revision history

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