Pain - Revision history

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2025-04-08T20:21:59Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 20:21, 8 April 2025
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			{{SI}}
			{{Infobox medical condition
			\| name = Pain
			\| image = [[File:Wrist_pain.jpg\|250px]]
			\| caption = Pain in the wrist
			\| field = [[Pain management]]
			\| synonyms = [[Algia]], [[dolor]]
			\| symptoms = [[Discomfort]], [[aching]], [[throbbing]], [[stabbing]]
			\| complications = [[Chronic pain]], [[depression (mood)\|depression]], [[anxiety]]
			\| onset = Sudden or gradual
			\| duration = [[Acute pain\|Acute]] or [[chronic pain\|chronic]]
			\| causes = [[Injury]], [[disease]], [[inflammation]], [[nerve damage]]
			\| risks = [[Surgery]], [[trauma]], [[infection]], [[cancer]]
			\| diagnosis = [[Physical examination]], [[medical history]], [[imaging studies]]
			\| differential = [[Neuropathy]], [[fibromyalgia]], [[arthritis]]
			\| prevention = [[Ergonomics]], [[exercise]], [[healthy lifestyle]]
			\| treatment = [[Analgesic]], [[physical therapy]], [[cognitive behavioral therapy]]
			\| medication = [[NSAIDs]], [[opioids]], [[antidepressants]]
			\| prognosis = Varies depending on cause
			\| frequency = Common
			}}
	'''Pain''' is a complex, multifaceted phenomenon that is both a sensory and an emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Stemming from the Latin word "poena" signifying a penalty or a fine, pain involves a combination of physical sensation and psychological interpretation.		'''Pain''' is a complex, multifaceted phenomenon that is both a sensory and an emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Stemming from the Latin word "poena" signifying a penalty or a fine, pain involves a combination of physical sensation and psychological interpretation.
			[[File:Neck pain 2.svg\|left\|thumb\|Neck pain 2]]
	[[File:Neck pain 2.svg\|thumb\|Neck pain 2]]

	== Distinction Between Pain and Nociception ==		== Distinction Between Pain and Nociception ==
	[[File:Hyperalgesia and allodynia.tif\|thumb\|Hyperalgesia and allodynia]]		[[File:Hyperalgesia and allodynia.tif\|left\|thumb\|Hyperalgesia and allodynia]]
	As per the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), it's essential to discern between the concepts of pain and nociception. While 'pain' encompasses the subjective experience, typically accompanying nociception, it can also emerge absent any stimulus, encapsulating the emotional response. 'Nociception', however, is a neurophysiological term representing specific activity in nerve pathways. It serves as the transmission system for physiological pain but does not encompass psychological pain. Nociceptive pathways can transmit signals traditionally identified as 'painful', but these signals are not always interpreted as such.		As per the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), it's essential to discern between the concepts of pain and nociception. While 'pain' encompasses the subjective experience, typically accompanying nociception, it can also emerge absent any stimulus, encapsulating the emotional response. 'Nociception', however, is a neurophysiological term representing specific activity in nerve pathways. It serves as the transmission system for physiological pain but does not encompass psychological pain. Nociceptive pathways can transmit signals traditionally identified as 'painful', but these signals are not always interpreted as such.

	== The Importance of Pain ==		== The Importance of Pain ==

	Despite the discomfort it brings, pain functions as a vital part of the body's defense mechanism. It forms a component of a swift warning relay system instructing the central nervous system's motor neurons to minimize perceived physical damage. Conditions like Congenital insensitivity to pain or Congenital Analgesia, where the ability to experience pain is absent, can lead to various health complications.		Despite the discomfort it brings, pain functions as a vital part of the body's defense mechanism. It forms a component of a swift warning relay system instructing the central nervous system's motor neurons to minimize perceived physical damage. Conditions like Congenital insensitivity to pain or Congenital Analgesia, where the ability to experience pain is absent, can lead to various health complications.

	== Common Forms of Pain ==		== Common Forms of Pain ==

	Headaches and back pain are the two most frequently reported forms of pain in the U.S. Pain is also specifically used to denote a painful uterine contraction occurring during childbirth.		Headaches and back pain are the two most frequently reported forms of pain in the U.S. Pain is also specifically used to denote a painful uterine contraction occurring during childbirth.

	== Pain Classification ==		== Pain Classification ==

	Pain can be classified according to various criteria, such as duration (acute or chronic), source (neuropathic, nociceptive, psychogenic), and location (localized or generalized).		Pain can be classified according to various criteria, such as duration (acute or chronic), source (neuropathic, nociceptive, psychogenic), and location (localized or generalized).

	=== Acute and Chronic Pain ===		=== Acute and Chronic Pain ===

	Acute pain typically follows an injury and dissipates once the injury heals or is effectively treated. It acts as a biological alarm to warn us of potential bodily harm.		Acute pain typically follows an injury and dissipates once the injury heals or is effectively treated. It acts as a biological alarm to warn us of potential bodily harm.

	Chronic pain, on the other hand, persists beyond the expected period of healing, lasting for months to years. It's often associated with conditions such as arthritis, cancer, and neuralgia.		Chronic pain, on the other hand, persists beyond the expected period of healing, lasting for months to years. It's often associated with conditions such as arthritis, cancer, and neuralgia.

	=== Neuropathic, Nociceptive, and Psychogenic Pain ===		=== Neuropathic, Nociceptive, and Psychogenic Pain ===

	Neuropathic pain arises from injury to the nervous system itself, such as in cases of diabetic neuropathy or postherpetic neuralgia. It is often described as a burning or shooting pain.		Neuropathic pain arises from injury to the nervous system itself, such as in cases of diabetic neuropathy or postherpetic neuralgia. It is often described as a burning or shooting pain.

	Nociceptive pain is a response to tissue injury or inflammation, as in cuts, sprains, or bone fractures. This kind of pain is often sharp, aching, or throbbing in nature.		Nociceptive pain is a response to tissue injury or inflammation, as in cuts, sprains, or bone fractures. This kind of pain is often sharp, aching, or throbbing in nature.

	Psychogenic pain, also referred to as psychalgia or somatoform pain, is pain caused, increased, or prolonged by mental, emotional, or behavioral factors.		Psychogenic pain, also referred to as psychalgia or somatoform pain, is pain caused, increased, or prolonged by mental, emotional, or behavioral factors.

	== Pain Management ==		== Pain Management ==

	Pain management can be complex and requires a multifaceted approach. This may include pharmacological interventions such as analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and opioids, as well as non-pharmacological interventions like physiotherapy, psychological therapy, and alternative treatments such as acupuncture.		Pain management can be complex and requires a multifaceted approach. This may include pharmacological interventions such as analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and opioids, as well as non-pharmacological interventions like physiotherapy, psychological therapy, and alternative treatments such as acupuncture.
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Prab at 23:41, 2 April 2025

2025-04-02T23:41:10Z

Prab at 01:18, 28 August 2023

2023-08-28T01:18:12Z

New page

'''Pain''' is a complex, multifaceted phenomenon that is both a sensory and an emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Stemming from the Latin word "poena" signifying a penalty or a fine, pain involves a combination of physical sensation and psychological interpretation.<ref>{{cite book |last=Wall |first=Patrick D. |title=The Challenge of Pain |year=1988 |publisher=Penguin Books |location=London |isbn=978-0-14-026739-8}}</ref>
[[File:Neck pain 2.svg|thumb|Neck pain 2]]
== Distinction Between Pain and Nociception == 
[[File:Hyperalgesia and allodynia.tif|thumb|Hyperalgesia and allodynia]]
As per the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), it's essential to discern between the concepts of pain and nociception. While 'pain' encompasses the subjective experience, typically accompanying nociception, it can also emerge absent any stimulus, encapsulating the emotional response. 'Nociception', however, is a neurophysiological term representing specific activity in nerve pathways. It serves as the transmission system for physiological pain but does not encompass psychological pain. Nociceptive pathways can transmit signals traditionally identified as 'painful', but these signals are not always interpreted as such.<ref>{{cite journal|last=Coghill |first=Robert C.|date=2010-08-25|title=Individual Differences in the Subjective Experience of Pain: New Insights into Mechanisms and Models|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2994619/|journal=Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain|volume=50|issue=9|pages=1531–1535|doi=10.1111/j.1526-4610.2010.01763.x|pmc=2994619|pmid=20738768}}</ref>

== The Importance of Pain == 

Despite the discomfort it brings, pain functions as a vital part of the body's defense mechanism. It forms a component of a swift warning relay system instructing the central nervous system's motor neurons to minimize perceived physical damage. Conditions like Congenital insensitivity to pain or Congenital Analgesia, where the ability to experience pain is absent, can lead to various health complications.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Minde |first1=J. |title=Congenital insensitivity to pain: an update |journal=Pain |volume=143 |issue=1–2 |pages=155–157 |year=2009 |pmid=19375247 |doi=10.1016/j.pain.2009.02.017}}</ref>

== Common Forms of Pain == 

Headaches and back pain are the two most frequently reported forms of pain in the U.S. Pain is also specifically used to denote a painful uterine contraction occurring during childbirth.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/2017/030.pdf|title=Table 30. Severe headache or migraine, low back pain, and neck pain among adults aged 18 and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2016|publisher=Center for Disease Control and Prevention|accessdate=23 September 2021}}</ref>

== Pain Classification == 

Pain can be classified according to various criteria, such as duration (acute or chronic), source (neuropathic, nociceptive, psychogenic), and location (localized or generalized).

=== Acute and Chronic Pain === 

Acute pain typically follows an injury and dissipates once the injury heals or is effectively treated. It acts as a biological alarm to warn us of potential bodily harm.<ref>{{cite book |last=Bonica |first=John J. |title=The Management of Pain |year=1990 |publisher=Lea & Febiger |isbn=978-0-8121-0970-0}}</ref>

Chronic pain, on the other hand, persists beyond the expected period of healing, lasting for months to years. It's often associated with conditions such as arthritis, cancer, and neuralgia.<ref>{{cite journal |last=Breivik |first=Harald |title=Survey of chronic pain in Europe: Prevalence, impact on daily life, and treatment |journal=European Journal of Pain |volume=10 |issue=4 |pages=287–333 |year=2006 |pmid=16095934 |doi=10.1016/j.ejpain.2005.06.009}}</ref>

=== Neuropathic, Nociceptive, and Psychogenic Pain === 

Neuropathic pain arises from injury to the nervous system itself, such as in cases of diabetic neuropathy or postherpetic neuralgia. It is often described as a burning or shooting pain.<ref>{{cite book |last=Finnerup |first=Nanna Brix |title=Neuropathic pain: an updated grading system for research and clinical practice |publisher=Pain |year=2016 |isbn=978-1-60913-834-5}}</ref>

Nociceptive pain is a response to tissue injury or inflammation, as in cuts, sprains, or bone fractures. This kind of pain is often sharp, aching, or throbbing in nature.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Price |first1=Donald D. |title=Psychological and Neural Mechanisms of the Affective Dimension of Pain |journal=Science |volume=288 |issue=5472 |pages=1769–1772 |year=2000 |pmid=10846153 |doi=10.1126/science.288.5472.1769}}</ref>

Psychogenic pain, also referred to as psychalgia or somatoform pain, is pain caused, increased, or prolonged by mental, emotional, or behavioral factors.<ref>{{cite book |last1=Turk |first1=Dennis C. |title=Pain terms and taxonomies of pain |publisher=IASP Press |year=2008 |isbn=978-0-931092-74-5}}</ref>

== Pain Management == 

Pain management can be complex and requires a multifaceted approach. This may include pharmacological interventions such as analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and opioids, as well as non-pharmacological interventions like physiotherapy, psychological therapy, and alternative treatments such as acupuncture.<ref>{{cite journal |last1=Breivik |first1=Harald |title=Assessment of pain |journal=British Journal of Anaesthesia |volume=101 |issue=1 |pages=17–24 |year=2008 |pmid=18487245 |doi=10.1093/bja/aen103}}</ref>
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{{Sensory_system}}
{{Medicine}}
{{Human development}}
[[Category:Nociception]]
[[Category:Pain| ]]

← Older revision		Revision as of 23:41, 2 April 2025
Line 1:		Line 1:
	'''Pain''' is a complex, multifaceted phenomenon that is both a sensory and an emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Stemming from the Latin word "poena" signifying a penalty or a fine, pain involves a combination of physical sensation and psychological interpretation.~~<ref>{{cite book \|last=Wall \|first=Patrick D. \|title=The Challenge of Pain \|year=1988 \|publisher=Penguin Books \|location=London \|isbn=978-0-14-026739-8}}</ref>~~		'''Pain''' is a complex, multifaceted phenomenon that is both a sensory and an emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. Stemming from the Latin word "poena" signifying a penalty or a fine, pain involves a combination of physical sensation and psychological interpretation.

	[[File:Neck pain 2.svg\|thumb\|Neck pain 2]]		[[File:Neck pain 2.svg\|thumb\|Neck pain 2]]
	== Distinction Between Pain and Nociception == ~~<!--T:2-->~~
			== Distinction Between Pain and Nociception ==
	[[File:Hyperalgesia and allodynia.tif\|thumb\|Hyperalgesia and allodynia]]		[[File:Hyperalgesia and allodynia.tif\|thumb\|Hyperalgesia and allodynia]]
	As per the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), it's essential to discern between the concepts of pain and nociception. While 'pain' encompasses the subjective experience, typically accompanying nociception, it can also emerge absent any stimulus, encapsulating the emotional response. 'Nociception', however, is a neurophysiological term representing specific activity in nerve pathways. It serves as the transmission system for physiological pain but does not encompass psychological pain. Nociceptive pathways can transmit signals traditionally identified as 'painful', but these signals are not always interpreted as such.<ref>{{cite journal\|last=Coghill \|first=Robert C.\|date=2010-08-25\|title=Individual Differences in the Subjective Experience of Pain: New Insights into Mechanisms and Models\|url=https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2994619/\|journal=Headache: The Journal of Head and Face Pain\|volume=50\|issue=9\|pages=1531–1535\|doi=10.1111/j.1526-4610.2010.01763.x\|pmc=2994619\|pmid=20738768}}</ref>		As per the International Association for the Study of Pain (IASP), it's essential to discern between the concepts of pain and nociception. While 'pain' encompasses the subjective experience, typically accompanying nociception, it can also emerge absent any stimulus, encapsulating the emotional response. 'Nociception', however, is a neurophysiological term representing specific activity in nerve pathways. It serves as the transmission system for physiological pain but does not encompass psychological pain. Nociceptive pathways can transmit signals traditionally identified as 'painful', but these signals are not always interpreted as such.

	== The Importance of Pain == ~~<!--T:3-->~~		== The Importance of Pain ==

	Despite the discomfort it brings, pain functions as a vital part of the body's defense mechanism. It forms a component of a swift warning relay system instructing the central nervous system's motor neurons to minimize perceived physical damage. Conditions like Congenital insensitivity to pain or Congenital Analgesia, where the ability to experience pain is absent, can lead to various health complications.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Minde \|first1=J. \|title=Congenital insensitivity to pain: an update \|journal=Pain \|volume=143 \|issue=1–2 \|pages=155–157 \|year=2009 \|pmid=19375247 \|doi=10.1016/j.pain.2009.02.017}}</ref>		Despite the discomfort it brings, pain functions as a vital part of the body's defense mechanism. It forms a component of a swift warning relay system instructing the central nervous system's motor neurons to minimize perceived physical damage. Conditions like Congenital insensitivity to pain or Congenital Analgesia, where the ability to experience pain is absent, can lead to various health complications.

	== Common Forms of Pain == ~~<!--T:4-->~~		== Common Forms of Pain ==

	Headaches and back pain are the two most frequently reported forms of pain in the U.S. Pain is also specifically used to denote a painful uterine contraction occurring during childbirth.<ref>{{cite web\|url=https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/data/hus/2017/030.pdf\|title=Table 30. Severe headache or migraine, low back pain, and neck pain among adults aged 18 and over, by selected characteristics: United States, 2016\|publisher=Center for Disease Control and Prevention\|accessdate=23 September 2021}}</ref>		Headaches and back pain are the two most frequently reported forms of pain in the U.S. Pain is also specifically used to denote a painful uterine contraction occurring during childbirth.

	== Pain Classification == ~~<!--T:5-->~~		== Pain Classification ==

	Pain can be classified according to various criteria, such as duration (acute or chronic), source (neuropathic, nociceptive, psychogenic), and location (localized or generalized).		Pain can be classified according to various criteria, such as duration (acute or chronic), source (neuropathic, nociceptive, psychogenic), and location (localized or generalized).

	=== Acute and Chronic Pain === ~~<!--T:6-->~~		=== Acute and Chronic Pain ===

	Acute pain typically follows an injury and dissipates once the injury heals or is effectively treated. It acts as a biological alarm to warn us of potential bodily harm.~~<ref>{{cite book \|last=Bonica \|first=John J. \|title=The Management of Pain \|year=1990 \|publisher=Lea & Febiger \|isbn=978-0-8121-0970-0}}</ref>~~		Acute pain typically follows an injury and dissipates once the injury heals or is effectively treated. It acts as a biological alarm to warn us of potential bodily harm.

	Chronic pain, on the other hand, persists beyond the expected period of healing, lasting for months to years. It's often associated with conditions such as arthritis, cancer, and neuralgia.<ref>{{cite journal \|last=Breivik \|first=Harald \|title=Survey of chronic pain in Europe: Prevalence, impact on daily life, and treatment \|journal=European Journal of Pain \|volume=10 \|issue=4 \|pages=287–333 \|year=2006 \|pmid=16095934 \|doi=10.1016/j.ejpain.2005.06.009}}</ref>		Chronic pain, on the other hand, persists beyond the expected period of healing, lasting for months to years. It's often associated with conditions such as arthritis, cancer, and neuralgia.

	=== Neuropathic, Nociceptive, and Psychogenic Pain === ~~<!--T:7-->~~		=== Neuropathic, Nociceptive, and Psychogenic Pain ===

	Neuropathic pain arises from injury to the nervous system itself, such as in cases of diabetic neuropathy or postherpetic neuralgia. It is often described as a burning or shooting pain.~~<ref>{{cite book \|last=Finnerup \|first=Nanna Brix \|title=Neuropathic pain: an updated grading system for research and clinical practice \|publisher=Pain \|year=2016 \|isbn=978-1-60913-834-5}}</ref>~~		Neuropathic pain arises from injury to the nervous system itself, such as in cases of diabetic neuropathy or postherpetic neuralgia. It is often described as a burning or shooting pain.

	Nociceptive pain is a response to tissue injury or inflammation, as in cuts, sprains, or bone fractures. This kind of pain is often sharp, aching, or throbbing in nature.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Price \|first1=Donald D. \|title=Psychological and Neural Mechanisms of the Affective Dimension of Pain \|journal=Science \|volume=288 \|issue=5472 \|pages=1769–1772 \|year=2000 \|pmid=10846153 \|doi=10.1126/science.288.5472.1769}}</ref>		Nociceptive pain is a response to tissue injury or inflammation, as in cuts, sprains, or bone fractures. This kind of pain is often sharp, aching, or throbbing in nature.

	Psychogenic pain, also referred to as psychalgia or somatoform pain, is pain caused, increased, or prolonged by mental, emotional, or behavioral factors.~~<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Turk \|first1=Dennis C. \|title=Pain terms and taxonomies of pain \|publisher=IASP Press \|year=2008 \|isbn=978-0-931092-74-5}}</ref>~~		Psychogenic pain, also referred to as psychalgia or somatoform pain, is pain caused, increased, or prolonged by mental, emotional, or behavioral factors.

	== Pain Management == ~~<!--T:8-->~~		== Pain Management ==

	Pain management can be complex and requires a multifaceted approach. This may include pharmacological interventions such as analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and opioids, as well as non-pharmacological interventions like physiotherapy, psychological therapy, and alternative treatments such as acupuncture.<ref>{{cite journal \|last1=Breivik \|first1=Harald \|title=Assessment of pain \|journal=British Journal of Anaesthesia \|volume=101 \|issue=1 \|pages=17–24 \|year=2008 \|pmid=18487245 \|doi=10.1093/bja/aen103}}</ref>		Pain management can be complex and requires a multifaceted approach. This may include pharmacological interventions such as analgesics, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), and opioids, as well as non-pharmacological interventions like physiotherapy, psychological therapy, and alternative treatments such as acupuncture.
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