Prab: CSV import

2025-03-17T21:19:06Z

CSV import

← Older revision		Revision as of 21:19, 17 March 2025
Line 36:		Line 36:
	[[Category:Cancer research]]		[[Category:Cancer research]]
	{{No image}}		{{No image}}
			__NOINDEX__

Prab: CSV import

2025-02-10T20:58:46Z

CSV import

← Older revision		Revision as of 20:58, 10 February 2025
Line 35:		Line 35:
	[[Category:Enzymes]]		[[Category:Enzymes]]
	[[Category:Cancer research]]		[[Category:Cancer research]]
			{{No image}}

Prab: CSV import

2024-12-02T03:33:39Z

CSV import

New page

== Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1 (PARP1) ==

Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase 1, commonly abbreviated as PARP1, is a crucial enzyme involved in a variety of cellular processes, including DNA repair, genomic stability, and programmed cell death. PARP1 is a member of the PARP family of proteins, which are involved in the post-translational modification of proteins through the addition of poly (ADP-ribose) chains.

=== Structure ===
PARP1 is a large protein composed of several domains, each contributing to its function:
* '''DNA-binding domain''': This domain allows PARP1 to recognize and bind to sites of DNA damage.
* '''Automodification domain''': This region is responsible for the self-modification of PARP1, which is crucial for its release from DNA and regulation of its activity.
* '''Catalytic domain''': The catalytic domain is responsible for the transfer of ADP-ribose units from NAD+ to target proteins, forming poly (ADP-ribose) chains.

=== Function ===
PARP1 plays a pivotal role in the repair of single-strand breaks (SSBs) in DNA. Upon detecting DNA damage, PARP1 binds to the site and catalyzes the addition of poly (ADP-ribose) chains to itself and other proteins, facilitating the recruitment of DNA repair machinery. This process is essential for maintaining genomic stability and preventing mutations that could lead to cancer.

PARP1 is also involved in:
* '''Regulation of chromatin structure''': By modifying histones and other chromatin-associated proteins, PARP1 influences chromatin remodeling and gene expression.
* '''Cell death pathways''': In response to severe DNA damage, PARP1 can promote cell death through mechanisms such as [[apoptosis]] and [[necrosis]].

=== Clinical Significance ===
PARP1 has become a target for cancer therapy, particularly in tumors with defects in DNA repair pathways, such as [[BRCA1]] and [[BRCA2]] mutations. PARP inhibitors, such as [[olaparib]], exploit the concept of "synthetic lethality" to selectively kill cancer cells while sparing normal cells.

=== Research and Development ===
Ongoing research is focused on understanding the broader roles of PARP1 in cellular physiology and its potential as a therapeutic target in various diseases beyond cancer, including neurodegenerative disorders and inflammatory conditions.

== Also see ==
* [[DNA repair]]
* [[Apoptosis]]
* [[BRCA1]]
* [[BRCA2]]
* [[Olaparib]]

{{DNA repair}}
{{Enzymes}}

[[Category:DNA repair]]
[[Category:Enzymes]]
[[Category:Cancer research]]

PARP1 - Revision history

Prab: CSV import

Prab: CSV import

Prab: CSV import