https://wikimd.org/index.php?action=history&feed=atom&title=P21P21 - Revision history2026-04-26T06:01:05ZRevision history for this page on the wikiMediaWiki 1.44.2https://wikimd.org/index.php?title=P21&diff=6516059&oldid=prevPrab: CSV import2025-03-17T21:20:57Z<p>CSV import</p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 21:20, 17 March 2025</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l16">Line 16:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 16:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{medicine-stub}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{medicine-stub}}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{No image}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{No image}}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">__NOINDEX__</ins></div></td></tr>
<!-- diff cache key wikimd4:diff:1.41:old-6261653:rev-6516059:php=table -->
</table>Prabhttps://wikimd.org/index.php?title=P21&diff=6261653&oldid=prevPrab: CSV import2025-02-10T22:26:57Z<p>CSV import</p>
<table style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122;" data-mw="interface">
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<col class="diff-marker" />
<col class="diff-content" />
<tr class="diff-title" lang="en">
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">← Older revision</td>
<td colspan="2" style="background-color: #fff; color: #202122; text-align: center;">Revision as of 22:26, 10 February 2025</td>
</tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno" id="mw-diff-left-l15">Line 15:</td>
<td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 15:</td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Oncology]]</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>[[Category:Oncology]]</div></td></tr>
<tr><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{medicine-stub}}</div></td><td class="diff-marker"></td><td style="background-color: #f8f9fa; color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #eaecf0; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div>{{medicine-stub}}</div></td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="2" class="diff-side-deleted"></td><td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td><td style="color: #202122; font-size: 88%; border-style: solid; border-width: 1px 1px 1px 4px; border-radius: 0.33em; border-color: #a3d3ff; vertical-align: top; white-space: pre-wrap;"><div><ins style="font-weight: bold; text-decoration: none;">{{No image}}</ins></div></td></tr>
</table>Prabhttps://wikimd.org/index.php?title=P21&diff=5450672&oldid=prevPrab: CSV import2024-03-25T02:08:45Z<p>CSV import</p>
<p><b>New page</b></p><div>{{png-image}}<br />
'''P21''', also known as '''cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor 1''' or '''CDKN1A''', is a [[protein]] that in humans is encoded by the ''CDKN1A'' [[gene]]. P21 plays a critical role in regulating the [[cell cycle]], acting as a suppressor in [[cell division]] and having a key role in the response to [[DNA damage]]. By inhibiting the activity of [[cyclin-dependent kinase]] (CDK) complexes, P21 can halt the cell cycle, allowing for [[DNA repair]], [[cell differentiation]], or [[apoptosis]] (programmed cell death) to occur, which is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the [[genome]] and preventing the development of [[cancer]].<br />
<br />
==Function==<br />
P21 is a potent [[cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor]] (CKI) that is capable of inhibiting all cyclin/CDK complexes, though it is most effective against CDK2, CDK1, and CDK4/6 complexes. Its expression can be induced by a variety of stimuli, including [[DNA damage]], oxidative stress, and [[tumor suppressor]] signals, most notably through the activation of the [[p53]] pathway. Upon activation, p53 directly binds to the ''CDKN1A'' gene promoter and stimulates the transcription of P21. This process is a fundamental mechanism by which cells prevent the propagation of DNA errors to daughter cells, thereby acting as a barrier against oncogenesis.<br />
<br />
==Clinical Significance==<br />
Alterations in the ''CDKN1A'' gene or the regulatory pathways that influence P21 expression can lead to uncontrolled cell proliferation and the development of [[cancer]]. Given its role in cell cycle regulation and apoptosis, P21 is considered a [[tumor suppressor]]. Moreover, the protein's involvement in the DNA damage response pathways makes it a target for [[cancer therapy]] research, with the aim of enhancing its expression or function to halt the growth of cancer cells.<br />
<br />
==Research Directions==<br />
Research on P21 continues to explore its potential as a therapeutic target. Strategies include developing drugs that can modulate its expression or activity, thereby enhancing the cell's ability to halt the cell cycle in response to DNA damage or oncogenic signals. Additionally, understanding the complex regulatory networks that control P21 expression and activity may provide insights into the development of novel cancer therapies.<br />
<br />
[[Category:Cell cycle]]<br />
[[Category:Genes]]<br />
[[Category:Oncology]]<br />
{{medicine-stub}}</div>Prab