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2025-02-18T01:07:11Z

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	[[Category:Oxygen]]		[[Category:Oxygen]]
	{{radiobiology-stub}}		{{radiobiology-stub}}
			<gallery>
			File:Relative_sensitivity.png\|Relative sensitivity of cells to oxygen levels
			File:Change_with_ionizing_density.png\|Change in cell response with ionizing density
			File:Cell_survival.png\|Cell survival under varying oxygen conditions
			</gallery>

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2024-03-04T05:19:37Z

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'''Oxygen effect''' refers to the phenomenon where the [[radiosensitivity]] of tissues in the body increases with the presence of [[oxygen]]. This effect is particularly significant in [[radiation therapy]], where it is exploited to maximize the damage to [[cancer cells]] while minimizing harm to healthy tissues.

== Overview ==

The oxygen effect is a critical factor in the field of [[radiobiology]]. It was first observed in the early 20th century, when researchers noted that the presence of oxygen increased the damage caused by [[ionizing radiation]]. This is because oxygen, being a potent [[oxidizing agent]], can interact with the [[DNA]] damage caused by radiation to create permanent, unrepairable lesions.

== Mechanism ==

The mechanism of the oxygen effect involves the production of [[reactive oxygen species]] (ROS) during the process of [[radiolysis]], where water molecules are broken down by radiation. These ROS can then react with the DNA damage sites, converting them into stable, unrepairable lesions. This process is known as [[fixation]] of damage.

== Clinical significance ==

In the context of radiation therapy, the oxygen effect is exploited to maximize the damage to cancer cells. This is achieved by delivering the radiation dose at a time when the tumor is well-oxygenated. However, this can be challenging due to the often hypoxic nature of tumors. Various strategies, such as [[hyperbaric oxygen therapy]] and the use of [[radiosensitizers]], are employed to overcome this issue.

== See also ==

* [[Radiobiology]]
* [[Radiation therapy]]
* [[Hyperbaric oxygen therapy]]
* [[Radiosensitizer]]

== References ==

{{reflist}}

[[Category:Radiobiology]]
[[Category:Radiation therapy]]
[[Category:Oxygen]]
{{radiobiology-stub}}

Oxygen effect - Revision history

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