Opium - Revision history

Prab: CSV import

2025-03-23T10:57:36Z

CSV import

Prab: CSV import

2025-02-20T01:17:40Z

CSV import

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:17, 20 February 2025
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	[[Category:Opium\| ]]		[[Category:Opium\| ]]
	{{nt}}		{{nt}}
			<gallery>
			File:Opium pod cut to demonstrate fluid extraction1.jpg\|Opium pod cut to demonstrate fluid extraction
			File:Malwapoppy.jpg\|Malwa poppy
			File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Een opium kit op Java. TMnr 60009390.jpg\|Opium kit on Java
			File:Опиумоеды.jpg\|Opium eaters
			File:Canons of medicine.JPG\|Canons of medicine
			File:The Opium Seller (W. Müller).jpg\|The Opium Seller
			File:中國人服食鴉片圖.PNG\|Chinese opium smokers
			File:Opium smokers China.gif\|Opium smokers in China
			File:Destruction of opium in 1839.jpg\|Destruction of opium in 1839
			File:William John Huggins - The opium ships at Lintin, China, 1824.jpg\|The opium ships at Lintin, China, 1824
			File:British ships in Canton.jpg\|British ships in Canton
			File:A busy stacking room in the opium factory at Patna, India. L Wellcome V0019154.jpg\|Opium factory at Patna, India
			</gallery>

Prab at 00:25, 16 January 2025

2025-01-16T00:25:05Z

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-Opium and heroin are two potent opiates with rich histories and significant societal impacts. While they possess recognized medicinal properties, both substances have gained infamy due to their strong potential for misuse and the associated health implications.
+{{Infobox botanical product
-[[File:Papaversomniferum.jpg|thumb|Papaversomniferum]]
+|image         = Opium pod cut to demonstrate fluid extraction1.jpg
-=== Overview ===
+|caption       = Opium poppy seed pod exuding latex from a cut
 Both heroin and opium are classified as [[drugs of abuse]] and are prohibited in many countries, including the United States. Their complex histories intertwine with medicinal use, recreational abuse, and significant sociopolitical events worldwide.
-==== Opium ===
+=== Opium ===
 [[File:Raw opium.jpg|Raw opium|thumb]]
 Opium (o pee’ um) is an amalgamation of natural alkaloids extracted from the resin of the seeds of the '''opium poppy, Papaver somniferum'''. Recognized for its analgesic and mood-modifying properties, the use of poppy extracts spans several centuries. Its influence on global history and individual lives is profound.
-==== Heroin ===
+=== Heroin ===
 [[File:Malwapoppy.jpg|thumb|Malwapoppy]]
 Heroin, chemically known as morphine diacetate, emerged in the 19th century as a byproduct of morphine, opium's primary alkaloid. Originally believed to offer strong pain-relieving properties minus the characteristic [[euphoria]] and [[dependency]] risks of opium, it was initially marketed as an over-the-counter cough suppressant under the brand name "Heroin." Its potential for abuse quickly became evident, and by the 1920s, heroin became the predominant drug of abuse in the U.S., culminating in its prohibition.
@@ Line 21: / Line 60: @@
 Both substances predominantly act as agonists for opiate receptors, chiefly the µ type receptor. These receptors are primarily found in the central nervous system but are also present in other parts of the body, including the lungs, heart, gastrointestinal tract, and even circulating white blood cells.
-==== Clinical Effects ===
+=== Clinical Effects ===
 Opium and heroin induce various clinical effects, with the most noticeable being:
@@ Line 33: / Line 72: @@
 == Summary ==
 While opium and heroin have undeniable therapeutic potential, their misuse and associated risks have led to their prohibition in many countries. Their role in societal and health contexts remains a topic of debate and study.
-[[Category:Drugs of Abuse]]
+<gallery>
-[[Category:Opiates]]
+<gallery>
-[[Category:Pharmacology]]
+File:10 peintures annamites représentant les métiers au Tonkin (Fumeurs d'opium Annam - Tonkin).jpg|Two men smoking opium in [[Tonkin (French protectorate)|Tonkin]] in 1923
-[[Category:Drug Safety]]
+File:A busy stacking room in the opium factory at Patna, India. L Wellcome V0019154.jpg|Storage of opium at a [[British East India Company]] warehouse
-{{opiods}}
+File:Afghanistan opium poppy cultivation 1994-2007b.PNG|Afghanistan opium poppy cultivation, 1994–2016 (hectares)
-{{stubd}}
+File:Akha man with opium pipe.jpg|An [[Akha people|Akha]] man smokes a pipe containing opium mixed with tobacco.

Prab at 00:35, 27 August 2023

2023-08-27T00:35:47Z

New page

Opium and heroin are two potent opiates with rich histories and significant societal impacts. While they possess recognized medicinal properties, both substances have gained infamy due to their strong potential for misuse and the associated health implications.
[[File:Papaversomniferum.jpg|thumb|Papaversomniferum]]
=== Overview ===

Both heroin and opium are classified as [[drugs of abuse]] and are prohibited in many countries, including the United States. Their complex histories intertwine with medicinal use, recreational abuse, and significant sociopolitical events worldwide.

==== Opium ===
[[File:Raw opium.jpg|Raw opium|thumb]]
Opium (o pee’ um) is an amalgamation of natural alkaloids extracted from the resin of the seeds of the '''opium poppy, Papaver somniferum'''. Recognized for its analgesic and mood-modifying properties, the use of poppy extracts spans several centuries. Its influence on global history and individual lives is profound.

==== Heroin ===
[[File:Malwapoppy.jpg|thumb|Malwapoppy]]
Heroin, chemically known as morphine diacetate, emerged in the 19th century as a byproduct of morphine, opium's primary alkaloid. Originally believed to offer strong pain-relieving properties minus the characteristic [[euphoria]] and [[dependency]] risks of opium, it was initially marketed as an over-the-counter cough suppressant under the brand name "Heroin." Its potential for abuse quickly became evident, and by the 1920s, heroin became the predominant drug of abuse in the U.S., culminating in its prohibition.
[[File:Heroin - Heroine.svg|thumb|Heroine]]
=== Liver Safety ===

Though many individuals actively using heroin or opium might present with liver diseases attributable to substance misuse (such as alcoholic [[liver injury]]) or injection-based drug use (leading to conditions like chronic hepatitis B, D, or C), there's no substantial evidence linking either opium or heroin directly to clinically noticeable [[liver injury]] or exacerbation of pre-existing liver conditions.

=== Mechanism of Action ===

Both substances predominantly act as agonists for opiate receptors, chiefly the µ type receptor. These receptors are primarily found in the central nervous system but are also present in other parts of the body, including the lungs, heart, gastrointestinal tract, and even circulating white blood cells.

==== Clinical Effects ===

Opium and heroin induce various clinical effects, with the most noticeable being:
* [[Euphoria]]
* Drowsiness
* Mental clouding
* Analgesia

The severe complications associated with heroin are typically not a direct result of the drug's inherent side effects but rather the inconsistencies in the sources, concentration, and quality of the available product.

== Summary ==
While opium and heroin have undeniable therapeutic potential, their misuse and associated risks have led to their prohibition in many countries. Their role in societal and health contexts remains a topic of debate and study.
[[Category:Drugs of Abuse]]
[[Category:Opiates]]
[[Category:Pharmacology]]
[[Category:Drug Safety]]
{{opiods}}
{{stubd}}

← Older revision		Revision as of 01:17, 20 February 2025
Line 105:		Line 105:
	[[Category:Opium\| ]]		[[Category:Opium\| ]]
	{{nt}}		{{nt}}
			<gallery>
			File:Opium pod cut to demonstrate fluid extraction1.jpg\|Opium pod cut to demonstrate fluid extraction
			File:Malwapoppy.jpg\|Malwa poppy
			File:COLLECTIE TROPENMUSEUM Een opium kit op Java. TMnr 60009390.jpg\|Opium kit on Java
			File:Опиумоеды.jpg\|Opium eaters
			File:Canons of medicine.JPG\|Canons of medicine
			File:The Opium Seller (W. Müller).jpg\|The Opium Seller
			File:中國人服食鴉片圖.PNG\|Chinese opium smokers
			File:Opium smokers China.gif\|Opium smokers in China
			File:Destruction of opium in 1839.jpg\|Destruction of opium in 1839
			File:William John Huggins - The opium ships at Lintin, China, 1824.jpg\|The opium ships at Lintin, China, 1824
			File:British ships in Canton.jpg\|British ships in Canton
			File:A busy stacking room in the opium factory at Patna, India. L Wellcome V0019154.jpg\|Opium factory at Patna, India
			</gallery>