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2025-04-08T05:59:44Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 05:59, 8 April 2025
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			{{SI}}
			{{Infobox medical condition
			\| name = Onychomycosis
			\| image = [[File:Oncymycosis.JPG\|left\|thumb\|Onychomycosis affecting the toenails]]
			\| caption = Onychomycosis affecting the toenails
			\| field = [[Dermatology]]
			\| synonyms = Tinea unguium
			\| symptoms = [[Nail discoloration]], [[nail thickening]], [[nail crumbling]]
			\| complications = [[Cellulitis]], [[pain]], [[discomfort]]
			\| onset = Gradual
			\| duration = Long-term
			\| causes = [[Fungal infection]] (commonly [[dermatophytes]], [[yeasts]], [[non-dermatophyte molds]])
			\| risks = [[Diabetes]], [[peripheral vascular disease]], [[immunosuppression]]
			\| diagnosis = [[Clinical examination]], [[nail culture]], [[KOH test]]
			\| differential = [[Psoriasis]], [[lichen planus]], [[trauma]]
			\| prevention = [[Proper foot hygiene]], [[keeping feet dry]], [[avoiding shared nail tools]]
			\| treatment = [[Antifungal medication]] (oral or topical), [[nail removal]]
			\| medication = [[Terbinafine]], [[Itraconazole]], [[Ciclopirox]]
			\| frequency = Common
			}}
	'''Onychomycosis''', commonly known as '''nail fungus''', is a fungal infection that affects either the toenails or fingernails. Predominantly, it manifests as discoloration and thickening of the nails, often proving to be a chronic and recurrent condition.		'''Onychomycosis''', commonly known as '''nail fungus''', is a fungal infection that affects either the toenails or fingernails. Predominantly, it manifests as discoloration and thickening of the nails, often proving to be a chronic and recurrent condition.
	[[File:Onychomycosis (tinea unguium).jpg\|thumb\|Onychomycosis (tinea unguium)]]		[[File:Onychomycosis (tinea unguium).jpg\|left\|thumb\|Onychomycosis (tinea unguium)]]
	== Symptoms and Signs ==		== Symptoms and Signs ==
	Onychomycosis can cause a range of changes in the appearance of the nail. These include discoloration (typically white or yellow), thickening of the nail, buildup of debris under the nail, and the nail becoming brittle, distorted or ragged.		Onychomycosis can cause a range of changes in the appearance of the nail. These include discoloration (typically white or yellow), thickening of the nail, buildup of debris under the nail, and the nail becoming brittle, distorted or ragged.
	[[File:Nagelpilz-3.jpg\|thumb\|Nagelpilz-3]]		[[File:Nagelpilz-3.jpg\|left\|thumb\|Nagelpilz-3]]
	== Causes ==		== Causes ==
	Onychomycosis is primarily caused by dermatophytes, a type of fungus. However, other types of fungi (such as yeasts and molds) can also be involved. The condition can be contracted in damp communal areas, like gyms or swimming pools, or from close contact with infected individuals.		Onychomycosis is primarily caused by dermatophytes, a type of fungus. However, other types of fungi (such as yeasts and molds) can also be involved. The condition can be contracted in damp communal areas, like gyms or swimming pools, or from close contact with infected individuals.

	== Diagnosis ==		== Diagnosis ==
	Diagnosis is typically made through clinical examination of the nails, but can be confirmed by testing a sample of the nail in the laboratory for the presence of fungi.		Diagnosis is typically made through clinical examination of the nails, but can be confirmed by testing a sample of the nail in the laboratory for the presence of fungi.

	== Treatment ==		== Treatment ==
	Treatment options for onychomycosis include topical antifungal medications, oral antifungal drugs, and in some cases, surgical removal of the nail. Laser therapy has also emerged as a treatment modality. However, treatment can be challenging due to the slow growth of nails and the potential for recurrence of infection.		Treatment options for onychomycosis include topical antifungal medications, oral antifungal drugs, and in some cases, surgical removal of the nail. Laser therapy has also emerged as a treatment modality. However, treatment can be challenging due to the slow growth of nails and the potential for recurrence of infection.

	== Prognosis ==		== Prognosis ==
	While onychomycosis is typically not life-threatening, it can cause significant discomfort and may impact quality of life, especially in those with coexisting conditions such as diabetes or immunodeficiency. With treatment, the condition can be managed effectively, though recurrence is common.		While onychomycosis is typically not life-threatening, it can cause significant discomfort and may impact quality of life, especially in those with coexisting conditions such as diabetes or immunodeficiency. With treatment, the condition can be managed effectively, though recurrence is common.

	==See Also==		==See Also==
	* [[Tinea pedis]]		* [[Tinea pedis]]
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	== References ==		== References ==
	{{Reflist}}		{{Reflist}}

	[[Category:Skin diseases]]		[[Category:Skin diseases]]
	[[Category:Dermatology]]		[[Category:Dermatology]]
	[[Category:Fungal diseases]]		[[Category:Fungal diseases]]

	== External links ==		== External links ==

	* [https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/nail-fungus-overview American Academy of Dermatology - Nail fungus]		* [https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/nail-fungus-overview American Academy of Dermatology - Nail fungus]
	* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC88907/ PubMed Central - Onychomycosis: Current Trends in Diagnosis and Treatment]		* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC88907/ PubMed Central - Onychomycosis: Current Trends in Diagnosis and Treatment]

	== Further Reading ==		== Further Reading ==

	* Gupta AK, Daigle D, Foley KA. Network meta-analysis of the outcome 'participant complete clearance' in non-immunocompromised participants of eight interventions for the treatment of onychomycosis. British Journal of Dermatology. 2015.		* Gupta AK, Daigle D, Foley KA. Network meta-analysis of the outcome 'participant complete clearance' in non-immunocompromised participants of eight interventions for the treatment of onychomycosis. British Journal of Dermatology. 2015.
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Prab at 00:30, 22 May 2023

2023-05-22T00:30:34Z

New page

'''Onychomycosis''', commonly known as '''nail fungus''', is a fungal infection that affects either the toenails or fingernails. Predominantly, it manifests as discoloration and thickening of the nails, often proving to be a chronic and recurrent condition.
[[File:Onychomycosis (tinea unguium).jpg|thumb|Onychomycosis (tinea unguium)]]
== Symptoms and Signs ==
Onychomycosis can cause a range of changes in the appearance of the nail. These include discoloration (typically white or yellow), thickening of the nail, buildup of debris under the nail, and the nail becoming brittle, distorted or ragged.
[[File:Nagelpilz-3.jpg|thumb|Nagelpilz-3]]
== Causes ==
Onychomycosis is primarily caused by dermatophytes, a type of fungus. However, other types of fungi (such as yeasts and molds) can also be involved. The condition can be contracted in damp communal areas, like gyms or swimming pools, or from close contact with infected individuals.

== Diagnosis ==
Diagnosis is typically made through clinical examination of the nails, but can be confirmed by testing a sample of the nail in the laboratory for the presence of fungi.

== Treatment ==
Treatment options for onychomycosis include topical antifungal medications, oral antifungal drugs, and in some cases, surgical removal of the nail. Laser therapy has also emerged as a treatment modality. However, treatment can be challenging due to the slow growth of nails and the potential for recurrence of infection.

== Prognosis ==
While onychomycosis is typically not life-threatening, it can cause significant discomfort and may impact quality of life, especially in those with coexisting conditions such as diabetes or immunodeficiency. With treatment, the condition can be managed effectively, though recurrence is common.

==See Also==
* [[Tinea pedis]]
* [[Athlete's foot]]
== References ==
{{Reflist}}

[[Category:Skin diseases]]
[[Category:Dermatology]]
[[Category:Fungal diseases]]

== External links ==

* [https://www.aad.org/public/diseases/a-z/nail-fungus-overview American Academy of Dermatology - Nail fungus]
* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC88907/ PubMed Central - Onychomycosis: Current Trends in Diagnosis and Treatment]

== Further Reading ==

* Gupta AK, Daigle D, Foley KA. Network meta-analysis of the outcome 'participant complete clearance' in non-immunocompromised participants of eight interventions for the treatment of onychomycosis. British Journal of Dermatology. 2015.
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{{Diseases of the skin and appendages by morphology}}
{{Mycoses}}
{{Disorders of skin appendages}}
[[Category:Conditions of the skin appendages]]
[[Category:Mycosis-related cutaneous conditions]]

Onychomycosis - Revision history

Prab: CSV import

Prab at 00:30, 22 May 2023