Deepika vegiraju at 12:27, 27 August 2022

2022-08-27T12:27:28Z

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== '''What is Nilutamide?''' ==

* Nilutamide ('''Nilandron''') is '''an oral nonsteroidal antiandrogen''' similar in structure to [[flutamide]] that is used widely in the therapy of [[prostate cancer]].

[[File:Nilutamide.svg|thumb|Nilutamide]]

[[File:Nilutamide molecule ball.png|thumb|Nilutamide molecule ball]]

[[File:Nilutamide Structure.svg|thumb|Nilutamide Structure]]

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== '''What are the uses of this medicine?''' ==

Nilutamide ('''Nilandron''') is used to treat:
* [[Prostate cancer]] that has metastasized (spread to other parts of the body). It is used in patients who have had surgery to remove the [[testicles]] ([[orchiectomy]]).

== '''How does this medicine work?''' ==

* Nilutamide (nye loo' ta mide) is '''an [[anilide]]''' that '''blocks the binding of endogenous androgens to intracellular androgen receptors''' blocking their effects and is used to treat [[prostate cancer]].
* Nilutamide has been shown to be effective in reducing pain and disease progression in [[metastatic]] [[prostate cancer]] when administered in conjunction with [[orchiectomy]] or other antiandrogen agents such as [[luteinizing hormone releasing hormone]] (LHRH) agonists.

== '''Who Should Not Use this medicine ?''' ==

This medicine cannot be used in patients:
* with severe hepatic impairment
* with severe respiratory insufficiency
* with [[hypersensitivity]] to nilutamide or any component of this preparation

== '''What drug interactions can this medicine cause?''' ==

* Tell your healthcare provider about all the medicines you take, including prescription and over-the-counter medicines, vitamins and herbal supplements.
* Be sure to mention any of the following:
* [[anticoagulants]] ('blood thinners') such as [[warfarin]] (Coumadin), [[phenytoin]] (Dilantin), and [[theophylline]] (Theo-Dur, Slo-Phyllin, others)

== '''Is this medicine FDA approved?''' ==

* Nilutamide was approved for use in the United States in 1996.

== '''How should this medicine be used?''' ==

'''Recommended dosage:'''
* The recommended dosage is 300 mg once a day for 30 days, followed thereafter by 150 mg once a day.

'''Administration:'''
* Nilutamide comes as a tablet to take by mouth.
* It is usually taken with or without food once daily.
* Take nilutamide at around the same time every day.

== '''What are the dosage forms and brand names of this medicine?''' ==

This medicine is available in fallowing doasage form:
* As Nilutamide Tablet contains 150 mg of nilutamide

This medicine is available in fallowing brand namesː
* '''Nilandron'''

=='''What side effects can this medication cause?'''==

The most common side effects of this medicine include:
* [[Hypertension]]
* [[Nausea]]
* Constipation
* [[Hot flushes]]
* Increased AST
* Increased ALT
* [[Dizziness]]
* [[Dyspnea]]
* Impaired adaptation to dark
* Abnormal vision
* [[Urinary tract infection]]

==''' What special precautions should I follow?''' ==

* [[Interstitial pneumonitis]] has been reported in patients exposed to nilutamide. If symptoms occur, Nilutamide Tablets should be immediately discontinued until it can be determined if the symptoms are drug related.
* Rare cases of death or hospitalization due to severe liver injury have been reported post-marketing in association with the use of Nilutamide Tablets. If at any time, a patient has [[jaundice]], or their ALT rises above 2 times the upper limit of normal, Nilutamide Tablets should be immediately discontinued with close follow-up of liver function tests until resolution.
* Patients should be informed that Nilutamide Tablets should be started on the day of, or on the day after, surgical [[castration]]. They should also be informed that they should not interrupt their dosing of Nilutamide Tablets or stop taking this medication without consulting their physician.
* Because of the possibility of an intolerance to alcohol (facial flushes, [[malaise]], [[hypotension]]) following ingestion of Nilutamide Tablets, it is recommended that intake of alcoholic beverages be avoided by patients who experience this reaction.
* Patients receiving Nilutamide Tablets reported a delay in adaptation to dark, ranging from seconds to a few minutes, when passing from a lighted area to a dark area. Patients who experience this effect should be cautioned about driving at night or through tunnels. This effect can be alleviated by the wearing of tinted glasses.

== '''What to do in case of emergency/overdose?''' ==

Symptoms of overdosage may include:
* vomiting
* [[malaise]]
* headache
* [[dizziness]]
* elevation in hepatic enzyme

'''Management of overdosage:'''
* Since nilutamide is protein bound, [[dialysis]] may not be useful as treatment for overdose.
* General supportive care, including frequent monitoring of the vital signs and close observation of the patient, is indicated.

== '''Can this medicine be used in pregnancy?''' ==

* It is also not known whether nilutamide can cause fetal harm when administered to a pregnant woman or can affect reproductive capacity.
* Nilutamide should be given to a pregnant woman only if clearly needed.

=='''Can this medicine be used in children?'''==

* Safety and effectiveness in pediatric patients have not been determined.

== '''What are the active and inactive ingredients in this medicine?''' ==

'''Active Ingredient:'''
* NILUTAMIDE

'''Inactive Ingredients:'''
* STARCH, CORN
* LACTOSE MONOHYDRATE
* POVIDONE K30
* DOCUSATE SODIUM
* TALC
* CALCIUM STEARATE

== '''Who manufactures and distributes this medicine?''' ==

'''Manufactured by:'''
* [[ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc.|ANI Pharmaceuticals, Inc]].
* Baudette, MN

== '''What should I know about storage and disposal of this medication?''' ==

* Store at 25°C (77°F); excursions permitted between 15 to 30°C (59 to 86°F).
* Protect from light.
* Keep out of reach of children.

{{cancer drugs}}
{{coststubd}}
{{Androgens and antiandrogens}}
{{Androgen receptor modulators}}

[[Category:CYP17A1 inhibitors]]
[[Category:Disulfiram-like drugs]]
[[Category:Hepatotoxins]]
[[Category:Hormonal antineoplastic drugs]]
[[Category:Hydantoins]]
[[Category:Nitrobenzenes]]
[[Category:Nonsteroidal antiandrogens]]
[[Category:Progonadotropins]]
[[Category:Prostate cancer]]
[[Category:Trifluoromethyl compounds]]

Nilutamide - Revision history

Deepika vegiraju at 12:27, 27 August 2022