Neonatal sepsis - Revision history

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			{{Infobox medical condition
			\| name = Neonatal sepsis
			\| synonyms = [[Sepsis neonatorum]]
			\| field = [[Pediatrics]], [[Neonatology]]
			\| symptoms = [[Fever]], [[hypothermia]], [[lethargy]], [[poor feeding]], [[respiratory distress]]
			\| complications = [[Septic shock]], [[multi-organ dysfunction syndrome]]
			\| onset = Within the first 28 days of life
			\| duration = Varies, depending on treatment
			\| causes = [[Bacterial infection]], [[viral infection]], [[fungal infection]]
			\| risks = [[Premature birth]], [[low birth weight]], [[prolonged rupture of membranes]], [[maternal infection]]
			\| diagnosis = [[Blood culture]], [[complete blood count]], [[C-reactive protein]]
			\| differential = [[Meningitis]], [[pneumonia]], [[urinary tract infection]]
			\| prevention = [[Maternal screening]], [[antibiotic prophylaxis]]
			\| treatment = [[Antibiotics]], [[supportive care]]
			\| prognosis = Varies, can be serious if not treated promptly
			\| frequency = 1 to 8 per 1000 live births
			}}
	'''Neonatal sepsis''' is a type of [[neonatal infection]] that occurs in an infant less than 28 days old. It is a systemic infection that can lead to serious complications and even death if not treated promptly and effectively.		'''Neonatal sepsis''' is a type of [[neonatal infection]] that occurs in an infant less than 28 days old. It is a systemic infection that can lead to serious complications and even death if not treated promptly and effectively.

	== Causes ==		== Causes ==
	Neonatal sepsis can be caused by a variety of [[bacteria]], [[virus\|viruses]], and [[fungus\|fungi]]. The most common bacterial causes include [[Group B streptococcus]], [[Escherichia coli]], and [[Listeria monocytogenes]]. Viral causes can include [[herpes simplex virus]] and [[enterovirus]], while fungal causes are typically due to [[Candida]] species.		Neonatal sepsis can be caused by a variety of [[bacteria]], [[virus\|viruses]], and [[fungus\|fungi]]. The most common bacterial causes include [[Group B streptococcus]], [[Escherichia coli]], and [[Listeria monocytogenes]]. Viral causes can include [[herpes simplex virus]] and [[enterovirus]], while fungal causes are typically due to [[Candida]] species.

	== Symptoms ==		== Symptoms ==
	Symptoms of neonatal sepsis can vary widely and may include [[fever]], [[hypothermia]], [[apnea]], [[tachycardia]], [[cyanosis]], [[jaundice]], and [[seizure]]s. Infants may also exhibit feeding difficulties, lethargy, and irritability.		Symptoms of neonatal sepsis can vary widely and may include [[fever]], [[hypothermia]], [[apnea]], [[tachycardia]], [[cyanosis]], [[jaundice]], and [[seizure]]s. Infants may also exhibit feeding difficulties, lethargy, and irritability.

	== Diagnosis ==		== Diagnosis ==
	Diagnosis of neonatal sepsis typically involves a combination of [[medical history]], physical examination, and laboratory tests. These tests may include [[blood culture]], [[complete blood count]], [[C-reactive protein]], and [[procalcitonin]] levels. Imaging studies such as [[chest X-ray]] or [[ultrasound]] may also be used.		Diagnosis of neonatal sepsis typically involves a combination of [[medical history]], physical examination, and laboratory tests. These tests may include [[blood culture]], [[complete blood count]], [[C-reactive protein]], and [[procalcitonin]] levels. Imaging studies such as [[chest X-ray]] or [[ultrasound]] may also be used.

	== Treatment ==		== Treatment ==
	Treatment for neonatal sepsis typically involves [[antibiotic]] therapy, often with a combination of drugs to cover a broad range of potential pathogens. Supportive care, including [[intravenous fluids]], [[oxygen therapy]], and [[mechanical ventilation]], may also be necessary.		Treatment for neonatal sepsis typically involves [[antibiotic]] therapy, often with a combination of drugs to cover a broad range of potential pathogens. Supportive care, including [[intravenous fluids]], [[oxygen therapy]], and [[mechanical ventilation]], may also be necessary.

	== Prevention ==		== Prevention ==
	Prevention of neonatal sepsis can involve a variety of strategies, including [[infection control]] measures in the hospital, [[vaccination]] of pregnant women, and [[prophylactic]] antibiotic treatment for high-risk infants.		Prevention of neonatal sepsis can involve a variety of strategies, including [[infection control]] measures in the hospital, [[vaccination]] of pregnant women, and [[prophylactic]] antibiotic treatment for high-risk infants.

	== See also ==		== See also ==
	* [[Sepsis]]		* [[Sepsis]]
	* [[Neonatology]]		* [[Neonatology]]
	* [[Pediatric infectious disease]]		* [[Pediatric infectious disease]]

	[[Category:Neonatology]]		[[Category:Neonatology]]
	[[Category:Infectious diseases]]		[[Category:Infectious diseases]]
	[[Category:Pediatrics]]		[[Category:Pediatrics]]

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'''Neonatal sepsis''' is a type of [[neonatal infection]] that occurs in an infant less than 28 days old. It is a systemic infection that can lead to serious complications and even death if not treated promptly and effectively.

== Causes ==
Neonatal sepsis can be caused by a variety of [[bacteria]], [[virus|viruses]], and [[fungus|fungi]]. The most common bacterial causes include [[Group B streptococcus]], [[Escherichia coli]], and [[Listeria monocytogenes]]. Viral causes can include [[herpes simplex virus]] and [[enterovirus]], while fungal causes are typically due to [[Candida]] species.

== Symptoms ==
Symptoms of neonatal sepsis can vary widely and may include [[fever]], [[hypothermia]], [[apnea]], [[tachycardia]], [[cyanosis]], [[jaundice]], and [[seizure]]s. Infants may also exhibit feeding difficulties, lethargy, and irritability.

== Diagnosis ==
Diagnosis of neonatal sepsis typically involves a combination of [[medical history]], physical examination, and laboratory tests. These tests may include [[blood culture]], [[complete blood count]], [[C-reactive protein]], and [[procalcitonin]] levels. Imaging studies such as [[chest X-ray]] or [[ultrasound]] may also be used.

== Treatment ==
Treatment for neonatal sepsis typically involves [[antibiotic]] therapy, often with a combination of drugs to cover a broad range of potential pathogens. Supportive care, including [[intravenous fluids]], [[oxygen therapy]], and [[mechanical ventilation]], may also be necessary.

== Prevention ==
Prevention of neonatal sepsis can involve a variety of strategies, including [[infection control]] measures in the hospital, [[vaccination]] of pregnant women, and [[prophylactic]] antibiotic treatment for high-risk infants.

== See also ==
* [[Sepsis]]
* [[Neonatology]]
* [[Pediatric infectious disease]]

[[Category:Neonatology]]
[[Category:Infectious diseases]]
[[Category:Pediatrics]]

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