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			<gallery>
			File:Midbrain of the Human Brainstem.svg\|Midbrain of the Human Brainstem
			File:Location of Midbrain in inferior view.png\|Location of Midbrain in inferior view
			File:Human brainstem-thalamus posterior view description.JPG\|Human brainstem thalamus posterior view
			File:Gray719.png\|Gray's Anatomy illustration of the midbrain
			File:Brain-ventricle-anatomy-diagram.jpg\|Brain ventricle anatomy diagram
			File:Cn3nucleus-en.svg\|Oculomotor nerve nucleus
			File:Midbrain - inferior colliculus.svg\|Midbrain - inferior colliculus
			File:Brain Anatomy - Mid-Fore-HindBrain.png\|Brain Anatomy - Midbrain, Forebrain, Hindbrain
			File:Human embryo 8 weeks 4.JPG\|Human embryo at 8 weeks
			</gallery>

Prab: CSV import

2024-02-24T19:59:12Z

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'''Midbrain''' or '''mesencephalon''' is a portion of the central nervous system associated with vision, hearing, motor control, sleep/wake, arousal (alertness), and temperature regulation.

== Structure ==
The midbrain is located below the [[cerebral cortex]], and above the [[hindbrain]] placing it near the center of the brain. It is a part of the brainstem and forms a central part of the brain.

=== Parts of the Midbrain ===
The midbrain is composed of several parts:

* '''[[Tectum]]''': The dorsal part of the midbrain, responsible for auditory and visual responses.
* '''[[Tegmentum]]''': A part of the midbrain involved in many unconscious homeostatic and reflexive pathways.
* '''[[Cerebral peduncle]]''': This contains the large ascending (sensory) and descending (motor) nerve tracts that run to and from the cerebrum from the pons. Mainly it connects the forebrain and the hindbrain.
* '''[[Crus cerebri]]''': A white matter tract of the cerebral peduncle which contains the motor tract fibers.
* '''[[Substantia nigra]]''': Literally 'black substance', it is closely associated with motor planning, learning, emotion, and addiction.

== Function ==
The midbrain serves important functions in motor movement, particularly movements of the eye, and in auditory and visual processing. It is located within the brainstem and between the two other developmental regions of the brain, the forebrain and the hindbrain; compared with those regions, the midbrain is relatively small.

== Clinical significance ==
Damage to the midbrain can cause a variety of motor and sensory problems, including [[Parkinson's disease]], [[schizophrenia]], and problems with vision and hearing. In some cases, it can also lead to [[coma]] or [[death]].

== See also ==
* [[Brain]]
* [[Brainstem]]
* [[Forebrain]]
* [[Hindbrain]]

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Neuroanatomy]]
[[Category:Brain]]

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← Older revision		Revision as of 01:30, 20 February 2025
Line 32:		Line 32:

	{{stub}}		{{stub}}
			<gallery>
			File:Midbrain of the Human Brainstem.svg\|Midbrain of the Human Brainstem
			File:Location of Midbrain in inferior view.png\|Location of Midbrain in inferior view
			File:Human brainstem-thalamus posterior view description.JPG\|Human brainstem thalamus posterior view
			File:Gray719.png\|Gray's Anatomy illustration of the midbrain
			File:Brain-ventricle-anatomy-diagram.jpg\|Brain ventricle anatomy diagram
			File:Cn3nucleus-en.svg\|Oculomotor nerve nucleus
			File:Midbrain - inferior colliculus.svg\|Midbrain - inferior colliculus
			File:Brain Anatomy - Mid-Fore-HindBrain.png\|Brain Anatomy - Midbrain, Forebrain, Hindbrain
			File:Human embryo 8 weeks 4.JPG\|Human embryo at 8 weeks
			</gallery>

Midbrain - Revision history

Prab: CSV import

Prab: CSV import