Prab: CSV import

2025-04-08T04:08:06Z

CSV import

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:08, 8 April 2025
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	= Macrocephaly =		{{SI}}
			{{Infobox medical condition
	[[File:Parasagittal MRI of human head in patient with benign familial macrocephaly prior to brain injury ~~(ANIMATED).gif~~\|~~thumb~~\|~~right~~\|~~250px~~\|~~MRI of humam~~ head circumference ~~and macrocephaly.~~]]		\| name = Macrocephaly
			\| image = [[File:Parasagittal_MRI_of_human_head_in_patient_with_benign_familial_macrocephaly_prior_to_brain_injury_(ANIMATED).gif\|alt=Parasagittal MRI of human head in patient with benign familial macrocephaly prior to brain injury]]
	[[File:Campomelic dysplasia.png\|thumb~~\|left~~\|250px\|Measuring head circumference as part of a pediatric assessment.]]		\| caption = MRI of a patient with benign familial macrocephaly
			\| field = [[Neurology]]
			\| synonyms = Megalocephaly
			\| symptoms = [[Increased head circumference]], [[developmental delay]], [[neurological symptoms]]
			\| complications = [[Hydrocephalus]], [[seizures]], [[cognitive impairment]]
			\| onset = [[Infancy]] or [[early childhood]]
			\| duration = [[Lifelong]]
			\| causes = [[Genetic disorders]], [[hydrocephalus]], [[brain tumors]], [[metabolic disorders]]
			\| risks = [[Family history]], [[genetic syndromes]]
			\| diagnosis = [[Physical examination]], [[imaging studies]] ([[MRI]], [[CT scan]])
			\| differential = [[Hydrocephalus]], [[craniosynostosis]], [[brain tumor]]
			\| treatment = [[Observation]], [[surgery]] for underlying causes
			\| prognosis = Varies depending on underlying cause
			\| frequency = Common in certain genetic conditions
			}}
			[[File:Campomelic dysplasia.png\|left\|thumb\|250px\|Measuring head circumference as part of a pediatric assessment.]]
	'''Macrocephaly''' is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally increased head circumference. While the head size is larger than usual, it's crucial to differentiate it from other cranial abnormalities. Macrocephaly can be a result of several underlying factors, including [[hydrocephalus]], an enlarged brain, and cranial hyperostosis.		'''Macrocephaly''' is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally increased head circumference. While the head size is larger than usual, it's crucial to differentiate it from other cranial abnormalities. Macrocephaly can be a result of several underlying factors, including [[hydrocephalus]], an enlarged brain, and cranial hyperostosis.

	<youtube>		<youtube>
	title='''{{PAGENAME}}'''		title='''{{PAGENAME}}'''
	movie_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/wJm4Om6kjfw		movie_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/wJm4Om6kjfw
	&rel=1		&rel=1
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	height=600		height=600
	</youtube>		</youtube>
			== Introduction ==
	== ~~Overview~~ ==
	Macrocephaly, which literally means "large head", can be either congenital (present at birth) or can develop later in life. It is often identified when the head circumference measures greater than the 98th percentile for a person's age and gender.		Macrocephaly, which literally means "large head", can be either congenital (present at birth) or can develop later in life. It is often identified when the head circumference measures greater than the 98th percentile for a person's age and gender.

	== Causes ==		== Causes ==
	Macrocephaly can be attributed to a variety of causes, some of which include:		Macrocephaly can be attributed to a variety of causes, some of which include:

	=== Hydrocephalus ===		=== Hydrocephalus ===
	Also known as "water on the brain", [[hydrocephalus]] occurs when there's an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain's ventricles, leading to increased intracranial pressure and head enlargement.		Also known as "water on the brain", [[hydrocephalus]] occurs when there's an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain's ventricles, leading to increased intracranial pressure and head enlargement.

	=== Megalencephaly ===		=== Megalencephaly ===
	This refers to an abnormally large brain, which is different from hydrocephalus as the brain tissue itself is enlarged rather than just the cerebrospinal fluid spaces.		This refers to an abnormally large brain, which is different from hydrocephalus as the brain tissue itself is enlarged rather than just the cerebrospinal fluid spaces.

	=== Cranial Hyperostosis ===		=== Cranial Hyperostosis ===
	A condition where there's an excessive growth of the bones of the skull.		A condition where there's an excessive growth of the bones of the skull.

	=== Other Causes ===		=== Other Causes ===
	* Genetic and metabolic disorders.		* Genetic and metabolic disorders.
	* Infections during pregnancy.		* Infections during pregnancy.
	* Certain genetic syndromes, such as [[Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome]].		* Certain genetic syndromes, such as [[Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome]].

	== Diagnosis ==		== Diagnosis ==
	Macrocephaly is usually diagnosed through:		Macrocephaly is usually diagnosed through:
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	* Imaging studies such as CT or MRI to visualize the brain structure and ascertain the cause.		* Imaging studies such as CT or MRI to visualize the brain structure and ascertain the cause.
	* Genetic testing in cases where a genetic syndrome is suspected.		* Genetic testing in cases where a genetic syndrome is suspected.

	== Treatment ==		== Treatment ==
	Treatment for macrocephaly depends on its underlying cause:		Treatment for macrocephaly depends on its underlying cause:
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	* Surgical intervention in cases where the bone growth leads to pressure on the brain.		* Surgical intervention in cases where the bone growth leads to pressure on the brain.
	* Addressing underlying genetic or metabolic conditions with appropriate therapies.		* Addressing underlying genetic or metabolic conditions with appropriate therapies.

	== Complications ==		== Complications ==
	If left untreated, macrocephaly can lead to:		If left untreated, macrocephaly can lead to:
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	* Intellectual disabilities.		* Intellectual disabilities.
	* Physical complications due to increased head weight.		* Physical complications due to increased head weight.

	== See Also ==		== See Also ==
	* [[Microcephaly]]		* [[Microcephaly]]
	* [[Craniosynostosis]]		* [[Craniosynostosis]]
	* [[Pediatric Neurology]]		* [[Pediatric Neurology]]

	== References ==		== References ==
	<references />		<references />

	[[Category:Medical Conditions]]		[[Category:Medical Conditions]]
	[[Category:Pediatric Neurology]]		[[Category:Pediatric Neurology]]
	[[Category:Neurological Disorders]]		[[Category:Neurological Disorders]]
	{{stub}}		{{stub}}

Kondreddy Naveen at 19:36, 15 September 2023

2023-09-15T19:36:16Z

New page

= Macrocephaly =

[[File:Parasagittal MRI of human head in patient with benign familial macrocephaly prior to brain injury (ANIMATED).gif|thumb|right|250px|MRI of humam head circumference and macrocephaly.]]

[[File:Campomelic dysplasia.png|thumb|left|250px|Measuring head circumference as part of a pediatric assessment.]]

'''Macrocephaly''' is a medical condition characterized by an abnormally increased head circumference. While the head size is larger than usual, it's crucial to differentiate it from other cranial abnormalities. Macrocephaly can be a result of several underlying factors, including [[hydrocephalus]], an enlarged brain, and cranial hyperostosis.

<youtube>
title='''{{PAGENAME}}'''
movie_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/wJm4Om6kjfw
&rel=1
embed_source_url=http://www.youtube.com/v/wJm4Om6kjfw
&rel=1
wrap = yes
width=750
height=600
</youtube>

== Overview ==
Macrocephaly, which literally means "large head", can be either congenital (present at birth) or can develop later in life. It is often identified when the head circumference measures greater than the 98th percentile for a person's age and gender.

== Causes ==
Macrocephaly can be attributed to a variety of causes, some of which include:

=== Hydrocephalus ===
Also known as "water on the brain", [[hydrocephalus]] occurs when there's an excessive accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain's ventricles, leading to increased intracranial pressure and head enlargement.

=== Megalencephaly ===
This refers to an abnormally large brain, which is different from hydrocephalus as the brain tissue itself is enlarged rather than just the cerebrospinal fluid spaces.

=== Cranial Hyperostosis ===
A condition where there's an excessive growth of the bones of the skull.

=== Other Causes ===
* Genetic and metabolic disorders.
* Infections during pregnancy.
* Certain genetic syndromes, such as [[Beckwith-Wiedemann syndrome]].

== Diagnosis ==
Macrocephaly is usually diagnosed through:
* Physical examination and measurement of the head circumference, plotted on a growth chart.
* Imaging studies such as CT or MRI to visualize the brain structure and ascertain the cause.
* Genetic testing in cases where a genetic syndrome is suspected.

== Treatment ==
Treatment for macrocephaly depends on its underlying cause:
* For hydrocephalus, a shunt may be placed to drain the excess cerebrospinal fluid.
* Surgical intervention in cases where the bone growth leads to pressure on the brain.
* Addressing underlying genetic or metabolic conditions with appropriate therapies.

== Complications ==
If left untreated, macrocephaly can lead to:
* Developmental delays.
* Intellectual disabilities.
* Physical complications due to increased head weight.

== See Also ==
* [[Microcephaly]]
* [[Craniosynostosis]]
* [[Pediatric Neurology]]

== References ==
<references />

[[Category:Medical Conditions]]
[[Category:Pediatric Neurology]]
[[Category:Neurological Disorders]]
{{stub}}

Macrocephaly - Revision history

Prab: CSV import

Kondreddy Naveen at 19:36, 15 September 2023