Lumbricals - Revision history

Prab at 23:52, 4 January 2025

2025-01-04T23:52:12Z

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 * [[Median nerve]]
 * [[Ulnar nerve]]
 ==External Links==
 * [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537086/ Lumbricals of the Hand - NCBI Bookshelf]
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 [[Category:Intrinsic muscles of the hand]]
 {{nt}}

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2025-01-04T22:42:18Z

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← Older revision		Revision as of 22:42, 4 January 2025
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	[[Category:Intrinsic muscles of the hand]]		[[Category:Intrinsic muscles of the hand]]
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			{{Infobox anatomy
			\| Name = Lumbricals
			\| Latin = Musculi lumbricales manus
			\| Image = Lumbricals.png
			\| Caption = The lumbricals of the hand
			\| Origin = Tendons of [[flexor digitorum profundus]]
			\| Insertion = Extensor expansion of fingers
			\| Blood = Superficial palmar arch, common palmar digital arteries, deep palmar arch
			\| Nerve = Median nerve (lateral two), Ulnar nerve (medial two)
			\| Action = Flex metacarpophalangeal joints, extend interphalangeal joints
			}}

			==Introduction==
			The '''lumbricals''' are four small, intrinsic muscles located in the [[hand]]. They are unique in that they do not attach directly to bone, but rather originate from the tendons of the [[flexor digitorum profundus]] and insert into the extensor expansions of the fingers. These muscles play a crucial role in the fine motor movements of the hand, particularly in the flexion of the [[metacarpophalangeal joints]] and the extension of the [[interphalangeal joints]].

			==Anatomy==

			===Origin===
			The lumbricals originate from the tendons of the [[flexor digitorum profundus]] muscle. Specifically, the first and second lumbricals arise from the radial sides of the tendons of the index and middle fingers, respectively. The third and fourth lumbricals originate from the adjacent sides of the tendons of the middle, ring, and little fingers.

			===Insertion===
			The lumbricals insert into the extensor expansions on the dorsal aspect of the proximal phalanges of the fingers. This insertion allows them to influence both the flexion and extension of the fingers.

			===Innervation===
			The lumbricals are innervated by two different nerves:
			* The first and second lumbricals (lateral two) are innervated by the [[median nerve]].
			* The third and fourth lumbricals (medial two) are innervated by the [[ulnar nerve]].

			===Blood Supply===
			The blood supply to the lumbricals is provided by the [[superficial palmar arch]], the [[common palmar digital arteries]], and the [[deep palmar arch]].

			==Function==
			The primary function of the lumbricals is to flex the [[metacarpophalangeal joints]] while extending the [[interphalangeal joints]] of the fingers. This action is essential for the "upstroke" of writing and for many other fine motor tasks that require precision and dexterity.

			==Clinical Significance==

			===Lumbrical Plus Finger===
			A condition known as "lumbrical plus finger" can occur when there is an imbalance in the function of the lumbricals, often due to injury or surgical intervention. This condition results in paradoxical extension of the interphalangeal joints when attempting to flex the fingers.

			===Injury and Dysfunction===
			Injury to the nerves supplying the lumbricals, such as in [[carpal tunnel syndrome]] (affecting the median nerve) or [[ulnar nerve entrapment]], can lead to weakness or paralysis of these muscles. This can result in difficulty with finger movements and a characteristic "claw hand" deformity.

			==See Also==
			* [[Flexor digitorum profundus]]
			* [[Extensor expansion]]
			* [[Median nerve]]
			* [[Ulnar nerve]]

			==References==
			* Moore, K. L., Dalley, A. F., & Agur, A. M. R. (2013). ''Clinically Oriented Anatomy''. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.
			* Standring, S. (2015). ''Gray's Anatomy: The Anatomical Basis of Clinical Practice''. Elsevier Health Sciences.

			==External Links==
			* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537086/ Lumbricals of the Hand - NCBI Bookshelf]
			* [https://www.anatomy.tv/3d-atlas/muscles/lumbricals Anatomy.tv - Lumbricals]

			{{Muscles of upper limb}}
			[[Category:Muscles of the upper limb]]
			[[Category:Hand anatomy]]
			[[Category:Intrinsic muscles of the hand]]

Prab at 12:36, 3 January 2025

2025-01-03T12:36:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 12:36, 3 January 2025
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	~~{{Infobox anatomy~~
	~~\| Name = Lumbricals~~
	~~\| Latin = Musculi lumbricales manus~~
	~~\| Image = Lumbricals.png~~
	~~\| Caption = The lumbricals of the hand~~
	~~\| Origin = Tendons of [[flexor digitorum profundus]]~~
	~~\| Insertion = Extensor expansion of fingers~~
	~~\| Blood = Superficial palmar arch, common palmar digital arteries, deep palmar arch~~
	~~\| Nerve = Median nerve (lateral two), Ulnar nerve (medial two)~~
	~~\| Action = Flex metacarpophalangeal joints, extend interphalangeal joints~~
	}}

	~~==Introduction==~~
	The '''lumbricals''' are four small, intrinsic muscles located in the [[hand]]. They are unique in that they do not attach directly to bone, but rather originate from the tendons of the [[flexor digitorum profundus]] and insert into the extensor expansions of the fingers. These muscles play a crucial role in the fine motor movements of the hand, particularly in the flexion of the [[metacarpophalangeal joints]] and the extension of the [[interphalangeal joints]].		The '''lumbricals''' are four small, intrinsic muscles located in the [[hand]]. They are unique in that they do not attach directly to bone, but rather originate from the tendons of the [[flexor digitorum profundus]] and insert into the extensor expansions of the fingers. These muscles play a crucial role in the fine motor movements of the hand, particularly in the flexion of the [[metacarpophalangeal joints]] and the extension of the [[interphalangeal joints]].
			[[File:1121 Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand.jpg\|Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand\|thumb]]
	==Anatomy==		==Anatomy==

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	* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537086/ Lumbricals of the Hand - NCBI Bookshelf]		* [https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK537086/ Lumbricals of the Hand - NCBI Bookshelf]
	* [https://www.anatomy.tv/3d-atlas/muscles/lumbricals Anatomy.tv - Lumbricals]		* [https://www.anatomy.tv/3d-atlas/muscles/lumbricals Anatomy.tv - Lumbricals]

	{{Muscles of upper limb}}		{{Muscles of upper limb}}
			{{anatomy}}
	[[Category:Muscles of the upper limb]]		[[Category:Muscles of the upper limb]]
	[[Category:Hand anatomy]]		[[Category:Hand anatomy]]
	[[Category:Intrinsic muscles of the hand]]		[[Category:Intrinsic muscles of the hand]]
			{{nt}}

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2025-01-02T02:14:20Z

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Prab at 21:31, 10 August 2021

2021-08-10T21:31:49Z

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Lumbricals are located both in the hands and foot.

==Lumbricals of hand==
The '''lumbricals''' of the [[hand]] are muscles that [[flexion|flex]] the [[metacarpophalangeal joint]]s and [[extension (kinesiology)|extend]] the [[Interphalangeal articulations of hand|interphalangeal joints]].

==Origin==
They attach proximally to the tendons of [[flexor digitorum profundus]],
[[File:1121 Intrinsic Muscles of the Hand Superficial sin.png|thumb|right|Lumbricals labeled at bottom left. Left hand, palmar view.]]

===Blood supply===
Four separate sources supply blood to these muscles: the [[superficial palmar arch]], the [[common palmar digital artery]], the [[deep palmar arch]], and the [[dorsal digital arteries of hand|dorsal digital artery]].

===Nerve supply===
The first and second lumbricals (the most radial two) are [[Nerve|innervated]] by the [[median nerve]].
The third and fourth lumbricals (most ulnar two) are innervated by the [[ulnar nerve]].

The lumbrical muscles, with the help of the interosseous muscles, simultaneously flex the [[metacarpophalangeal joint]]s while extending both [[Interphalangeal articulations of hand|interphalangeal joint]]s of the digit on which it inserts.

The lumbricals are used during an upstroke in writing.
<gallery>
File:Gray416.png|Tendons of forefinger and vincula tendina
File:Slide2yyy.JPG|Lumbricals of the hand
File:Slide5RRR.JPG|Lumbricals of the hand
File:Slide14RRR.JPG|Lumbricals muscle
File:Slide6PPP.JPG|Lumbricals muscle
File:Slide4VVV.JPG|Lumbricals muscle
File:Slide4AAAA.JPG|Lumbricals muscle
File:Slide9AAAA.JPG|Lumbricals muscle
File:Slide1MAI.JPG|Muscles of hand, cross section
File:Slide1dsds.JPG|Wrist joint. Deep dissection.Anterior, palmar view
File:Slide2dsds.JPG|Wrist joint. Deep dissection.Anterior, palmar view
File:Slide3dsds.JPG|Wrist joint. Deep dissection.Anterior, palmar view
</gallery>

==Lumbricals of the foot==
The lumbricals in the foot skeletal muscles located in the deeper layers of the foot - there are a total of about 4 of them in each foot.

[[File:Lumbricales pedis.png|Lumbricals|right]]

These muscles are accessory to the tendons of the [[flexor digitorum longus muscle]]. They are numbered from the medial side of the foot.

==Origin==
They originate at the tendons of flexor digitorum longus in the foot

==Insertion==
medial surface of extensor expansion of proximal phalanges of lateral four toes

==Blood supply==
lateral plantar artery, plantar arch, four plantar metatarsal arteries

==Nerve supply==
lateral plantar nerve (lateral three lumbricals) and medial plantar nerve (first lumbrical)

==Function==
They help maintain extension of digits at interphalangeal joints

===Additional images===
<gallery>
File:Gray416.png|Tendons of forefinger and vincula tendina
File:Slide2yyy.JPG|Lumbricals of the hand
File:Slide5RRR.JPG|Lumbricals of the hand
File:Slide14RRR.JPG|Lumbricals muscle
File:Slide6PPP.JPG|Lumbricals muscle
File:Slide4VVV.JPG|Lumbricals muscle
File:Slide4AAAA.JPG|Lumbricals muscle
File:Slide9AAAA.JPG|Lumbricals muscle
File:Slide1MAI.JPG|Muscles of hand, cross section
File:Slide1dsds.JPG|Wrist joint. Deep dissection.Anterior, palmar view
File:Slide2dsds.JPG|Wrist joint. Deep dissection.Anterior, palmar view
File:Slide3dsds.JPG|Wrist joint. Deep dissection.Anterior, palmar view
</gallery>
{{stub}}
{{Muscles of upper limb}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Muscles of the upper limb]]
[[Category:Hand]]

{{Muscles_of_lower_limb}}
{{Portal bar|Anatomy}}
{{Authority control}}

[[Category:Foot muscles]]
[[Category:Muscles of the lower limb]]

{{muscle-stub}}
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