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			File:Bacteria involved in causing and treating cancers.svg\|List of oncogenic bacteria
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'''Oncogenic bacteria''' are types of [[bacteria]] that can cause [[cancer]]. The relationship between bacterial infection and cancer development is a growing area of research, with several species identified as having oncogenic potential. This article provides an overview of known oncogenic bacteria, the types of cancer they are associated with, and a brief description of the mechanisms by which they may contribute to cancer development.

==Overview==
Oncogenic bacteria contribute to cancer development through various mechanisms, including chronic inflammation, induction of [[DNA damage]], and modulation of the host cell cycle. The understanding of these mechanisms is crucial for developing preventive and therapeutic strategies against bacteria-associated cancers.

==List of Oncogenic Bacteria==
{{Incomplete list}}

* '''[[Helicobacter pylori]]''' - The most well-studied oncogenic bacterium, H. pylori, is associated with [[gastric cancer]] and [[MALT lymphoma]]. It induces chronic gastritis, which can progress to atrophic gastritis, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia, and eventually gastric cancer.

* '''[[Salmonella Typhi]]''' - This bacterium is associated with an increased risk of developing [[gallbladder cancer]]. Chronic carriers of S. Typhi are at a higher risk due to chronic inflammation of the gallbladder.

* '''[[Chlamydia pneumoniae]]''' - While research is still ongoing, there is evidence to suggest that C. pneumoniae infection may be linked to an increased risk of [[lung cancer]].

* '''[[Fusobacterium nucleatum]]''' - Emerging evidence suggests a link between F. nucleatum and [[colorectal cancer]]. The bacterium is thought to promote cancer development through the modulation of the immune response and promotion of inflammation.

==Mechanisms of Oncogenesis==
Oncogenic bacteria can contribute to cancer development through several mechanisms:

* '''Chronic Inflammation''' - Persistent infection leads to chronic inflammation, which can result in DNA damage, promote cellular proliferation, and inhibit apoptosis.

* '''Direct Interaction with Host DNA''' - Some bacteria can directly interact with host DNA, causing mutations and promoting oncogenic transformation.

* '''Immune System Modulation''' - Oncogenic bacteria can modulate the immune system, creating an environment that is conducive to cancer development.

* '''Production of Carcinogenic Compounds''' - Certain bacteria can produce compounds that are directly carcinogenic to host cells.

==Prevention and Treatment==
Prevention and treatment of bacteria-associated cancers involve antibiotic therapy to eradicate the oncogenic bacteria, vaccination (where available), and regular screening for at-risk populations. Understanding the role of the microbiome in cancer development may also lead to new preventive strategies.

[[Category:Oncology]]
[[Category:Bacteriology]]
[[Category:Cancer]]

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List of oncogenic bacteria - Revision history

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