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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>[[File:Lipstatin.svg|thumb|{{PAGENAME}}]] <br>'''Lipstatin''' is a potent [[natural product]] of [[Streptomyces toxytricini]]. It is a [[lipase inhibitor]] and the [[biogenesis]] of the semi-synthetic anti-obesity agent [[Orlistat]]. Lipstatin was first isolated in 1987 by [[Hans Zähner]] and his team.<br />
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== History ==<br />
Lipstatin was first isolated from the [[fermentation]] broth of ''[[Streptomyces toxytricini]]'' in 1987 by a team of researchers led by Hans Zähner. The team was searching for new [[antibiotics]] and [[enzyme inhibitors]] when they discovered lipstatin.<br />
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== Structure and Properties ==<br />
Lipstatin is a complex [[molecule]] with a unique structure. It is a 20-carbon [[fatty acid]] that is linked to a [[tetrahydrolipstatin]] core. This core is a highly functionalized [[cyclic ether]] that contains a [[hydroxyl]] group and a [[carboxylic acid]] group. The molecule also contains a [[lactone]] ring.<br />
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== Biological Activity ==<br />
Lipstatin acts as a potent, irreversible inhibitor of [[pancreatic lipase]], an enzyme that breaks down [[triglycerides]] in the [[intestine]]. By inhibiting this enzyme, lipstatin prevents the [[hydrolysis]] of triglycerides, thereby reducing the absorption of [[dietary fat]].<br />
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== Clinical Use ==<br />
The semi-synthetic derivative of lipstatin, [[orlistat]], is used clinically as an anti-obesity agent. Orlistat is marketed under the trade names [[Xenical]] and [[Alli (medication)|Alli]].<br />
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== Synthesis ==<br />
The [[total synthesis]] of lipstatin has been achieved by several research groups. The first total synthesis was reported in 1990 by a team led by [[Robert M. Williams]].<br />
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== See Also ==<br />
* [[Orlistat]]<br />
* [[Lipase inhibitor]]<br />
* [[Streptomyces toxytricini]]<br />
* [[Hans Zähner]]<br />
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[[Category:Enzyme inhibitors]]<br />
[[Category:Natural products]]<br />
[[Category:Anti-obesity medications]]<br />
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