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<p>CSV import</p> <p><b>New page</b></p><div>&#039;&#039;&#039;Lewis antigen system&#039;&#039;&#039; is a human blood group system based upon genes of the fucosyltransferase enzyme family, specifically [[FUT3]] and [[FUT2]]. The Lewis antigen system is named after the individual in whom the [[antigen]] was first identified, Mrs. Lewis.<br /> <br /> == History ==<br /> <br /> The Lewis antigen system was discovered in 1946 by [[Robin Coombs]], [[Arthur Mourant]], and [[Rob Race]]. They identified the Lewis antigen in the blood of a pregnant woman named Mrs. Lewis, hence the name of the system.<br /> <br /> == Genetics ==<br /> <br /> The Lewis antigen system is controlled by two genes on chromosome 19: FUT3 and FUT2. These genes encode the enzymes [[fucosyltransferase 3]] and [[fucosyltransferase 2]], respectively. These enzymes are responsible for the addition of fucose to precursor substances, thus forming the Lewis antigens.<br /> <br /> == Antigens ==<br /> <br /> The Lewis antigen system includes two major antigens: Lewis a (Le^a) and Lewis b (Le^b). These antigens are not directly produced by the genes FUT3 and FUT2, but are instead formed by the action of these genes on precursor substances. The Lewis antigens are found on the surface of red blood cells and in body fluids.<br /> <br /> == Clinical significance ==<br /> <br /> The Lewis antigen system has clinical significance in [[blood transfusion]] and organ transplantation. The presence or absence of Lewis antigens can affect the compatibility of blood or organs for transplantation. In addition, Lewis antigens are associated with susceptibility to certain infections and diseases, including [[Helicobacter pylori]] infection and [[Norovirus]] gastroenteritis.<br /> <br /> == See also ==<br /> <br /> * [[ABO blood group system]]<br /> * [[Rh blood group system]]<br /> * [[Blood transfusion]]<br /> * [[Organ transplantation]]<br /> <br /> [[Category:Blood]]<br /> [[Category:Immunology]]<br /> [[Category:Genetics]]<br /> {{Medicine-stub}}</div>

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