Prab: CSV import

2025-02-18T04:58:37Z

CSV import

← Older revision		Revision as of 04:58, 18 February 2025
Line 43:		Line 43:
	[[Category:Human anatomy]]		[[Category:Human anatomy]]
	{{stub}}		{{stub}}
			<gallery>
			File:Joint.svg\|Joint
			File:Gray298.png\|Joint
			File:Structural_Classification_of_Joints.jpg\|Joint
			File:Joints_1_--_Smart-Servier.png\|Joint
			</gallery>

Prab: CSV import

2024-02-24T06:50:12Z

CSV import

New page

'''Joint'''

A '''joint''' or '''articulation''' (or '''articular surface''') is the connection made between [[bones]] in the body which link the [[skeletal system]] into a functional whole.<ref>{{cite web|url=https://www.britannica.com/science/joint-anatomy|title=Joint|work=Encyclopedia Britannica|accessdate=20 May 2019}}</ref> They are constructed to allow for different degrees and types of movement. Some joints, such as the knee, elbow, and shoulder, are self-lubricating, almost frictionless, and are able to withstand compression and maintain heavy loads while still executing smooth and precise movements.<ref>{{cite journal|last1=Heinemeier|first1=Katja Maria|last2=Schjerling|first2=Peter|last3=Heinemeier|first3=Jan|last4=Magnusson|first4=Stig Peter|last5=Kjaer|first5=Michael|title=The Circadian Rhythm of Core Body Temperature (Part I)|journal=Journal of Applied Physiology|date=2012|volume=113|issue=2|pages=347–353|doi=10.1152/japplphysiol.00789.2011|pmid=22604885|pmc=3404787}}</ref> Other joints such as sutures between the bones of the skull permit very little movement (only during birth) in order to protect the brain and the sense organs.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Saladin|first1=Kenneth S.|title=Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function|date=2010|publisher=McGraw Hill|location=New York|isbn=978-0-07-337825-1|page=266}}</ref>

==Structure==

Joints are mainly classified structurally and functionally. Structural classification is determined by how the bones connect to each other, while functional classification is determined by the degree of movement between the articulating bones.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Saladin|first1=Kenneth S.|title=Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function|date=2010|publisher=McGraw Hill|location=New York|isbn=978-0-07-337825-1|page=266}}</ref> In practice, there is significant overlap between the two types of classifications.

===Structural classification===

Structural classification names and divides joints according to the type of binding tissue that connects the bones to each other.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Saladin|first1=Kenneth S.|title=Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function|date=2010|publisher=McGraw Hill|location=New York|isbn=978-0-07-337825-1|page=266}}</ref> There are three structural classifications of joints:

* [[Fibrous joint]] - joined by dense irregular connective tissue that is rich in collagen fibers.
* [[Cartilaginous joint]] - joined by cartilage.
* [[Synovial joint]] - not directly joined, the bones have a synovial cavity and are united by the dense irregular connective tissue that forms the articular capsule that is normally associated with accessory ligaments.

===Functional classification===

Functional classification names and divides joints according to the type of movement they allow.<ref>{{cite book|last1=Saladin|first1=Kenneth S.|title=Anatomy & Physiology: The Unity of Form and Function|date=2010|publisher=McGraw Hill|location=New York|isbn=978-0-07-337825-1|page=266}}</ref> There are three functional classifications of joints:

* [[Synarthrosis]] - permits little or no mobility. Most synarthrosis joints are fibrous joints.
* [[Amphiarthrosis]] - permits slight mobility. Most amphiarthrosis joints are cartilaginous joints.
* [[Diarthrosis]] - permits a variety of movements. All diarthrosis joints are synovial joints.

==Clinical significance==

Damage to joints can be extremely painful and can lead to loss of function and deformity. Joint injuries and diseases usually produce a stiff, aching, "arthritic" joint. Arthritis is a common joint disorder featuring inflammation. A joint is an area of the body where two bones meet. A joint functions to allow movement of the body parts it connects. Arthritis literally means inflammation of one or more joints.

==See also==
* [[Arthritis]]
* [[Synovial joint]]
* [[Cartilaginous joint]]
* [[Fibrous joint]]

==References==
<references />

==External links==
* [https://www.britannica.com/science/joint-anatomy Britannica article on Joints]

[[Category:Joints]]
[[Category:Skeletal system]]
[[Category:Human anatomy]]
{{stub}}

Joint - Revision history

Prab: CSV import

Prab: CSV import