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[[File:Who-Runs-the-Internet-graphic.png|thumb|Who-Runs-the-Internet-graphic]] [[file:Internet_Universality_and_the_ROAM_principles.svg|right|thumb|Internet_Universality_and_the_ROAM_principles]] '''Internet governance''' refers to the development and application of shared principles, norms, rules, decision-making procedures, and programs that shape the evolution and use of the [[Internet]]. It encompasses a wide range of issues, including [[Internet infrastructure]], [[cybersecurity]], [[data privacy]], and the management of [[domain names]] and [[IP addresses]].

==History==
The concept of Internet governance emerged in the early 1990s as the Internet began to expand beyond academic and research institutions to become a global commercial network. The [[Internet Assigned Numbers Authority]] (IANA) and the [[Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers]] (ICANN) were established to manage the allocation of IP addresses and domain names.

==Key Organizations==
Several key organizations play a significant role in Internet governance:

* [[Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers]] (ICANN): Responsible for coordinating the maintenance and procedures of several databases related to the namespaces of the Internet.
* [[Internet Engineering Task Force]] (IETF): Develops and promotes voluntary Internet standards, particularly the standards that comprise the Internet protocol suite (TCP/IP).
* [[World Wide Web Consortium]] (W3C): Develops standards for the [[World Wide Web]].
* [[Internet Governance Forum]] (IGF): A multi-stakeholder forum for policy dialogue on issues of Internet governance.

==Principles==
Internet governance is guided by several key principles:

* [[Openness]]: Ensuring that the Internet remains an open platform for communication, innovation, and economic growth.
* [[Security]]: Protecting the Internet from cyber threats and ensuring the privacy and security of users.
* [[Accessibility]]: Ensuring that the Internet is accessible to all people, regardless of their location, socioeconomic status, or physical abilities.
* [[Multistakeholderism]]: Involving a diverse range of stakeholders, including governments, private sector, civil society, and technical community, in the decision-making process.

==Challenges==
Internet governance faces several challenges, including:

* [[Cybersecurity]]: Protecting the Internet from cyber attacks and ensuring the security of data and communications.
* [[Data privacy]]: Balancing the need for data protection with the benefits of data sharing and innovation.
* [[Digital divide]]: Addressing the gap between those who have access to the Internet and those who do not.
* [[Net neutrality]]: Ensuring that Internet service providers treat all data on the Internet equally, without discriminating or charging differently by user, content, or website.

==Related Pages==
* [[Internet]]
* [[Cybersecurity]]
* [[Data privacy]]
* [[Domain name system]]
* [[IP address]]
* [[Net neutrality]]
* [[Digital divide]]

==See Also==
* [[Internet Society]]
* [[Multistakeholder governance model]]
* [[Internet policy]]

[[Category:Internet governance]]
[[Category:Internet]]
[[Category:Cybersecurity]]
[[Category:Data privacy]]

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Internet governance - Revision history

Prab: CSV import