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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>[[File:Inosin.svg|thumb|Inosin.svg]] '''Inosine''' is a nucleoside that is formed when [[hypoxanthine]] is attached to a [[ribose]] (also known as a [[ribofuranose]]) ring via a β-N9-glycosidic bond. Inosine is commonly found in [[transfer RNA]] (tRNA) and is essential for proper translation of the genetic code in [[wobble base pairs]].<br />
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==Structure and Properties==<br />
Inosine consists of a [[purine]] base, hypoxanthine, linked to a ribose sugar. The chemical formula of inosine is C10H12N4O5. It is a white, crystalline powder that is soluble in water.<br />
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==Biological Role==<br />
Inosine plays a crucial role in various biological processes. It is involved in the [[purine metabolism]] pathway and can be converted into [[adenosine]] and [[guanosine]] nucleotides. Inosine is also a key component in the [[inosine monophosphate]] (IMP) pathway, which is critical for the synthesis of [[adenosine triphosphate]] (ATP) and [[guanosine triphosphate]] (GTP).<br />
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===Inosine in tRNA===<br />
Inosine is found in the anticodon of some tRNAs, where it can pair with [[adenine]], [[cytosine]], or [[uracil]] in the wobble position of the codon. This flexibility allows for the proper translation of the genetic code and increases the efficiency of protein synthesis.<br />
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==Medical Applications==<br />
Inosine has been studied for its potential therapeutic effects in various medical conditions. It has been investigated for its role in [[neuroprotection]], [[immune modulation]], and [[cardioprotection]]. Some studies suggest that inosine may help in the treatment of [[multiple sclerosis]], [[Parkinson's disease]], and [[stroke]].<br />
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==Metabolism==<br />
Inosine is metabolized in the body by the enzyme [[purine nucleoside phosphorylase]] (PNP) to produce hypoxanthine and ribose-1-phosphate. Hypoxanthine can then be further metabolized to [[xanthine]] and [[uric acid]].<br />
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==Dietary Sources==<br />
Inosine can be found in various dietary sources, including [[meat]], [[fish]], and [[dairy products]]. It is also available as a dietary supplement.<br />
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==See Also==<br />
* [[Nucleoside]]<br />
* [[Purine metabolism]]<br />
* [[Transfer RNA]]<br />
* [[Adenosine]]<br />
* [[Guanosine]]<br />
* [[Hypoxanthine]]<br />
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==References==<br />
{{Reflist}}<br />
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==External Links==<br />
{{Commons category|Inosine}}<br />
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[[Category:Nucleosides]]<br />
[[Category:Purines]]<br />
[[Category:Biochemistry]]<br />
[[Category:Metabolism]]<br />
[[Category:Medicine]]<br />
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