Infectious mononucleosis - Revision history

Prab at 22:13, 26 April 2025

2025-04-26T22:13:04Z

← Older revision		Revision as of 22:13, 26 April 2025
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	{{Infobox medical condition		{{Infobox medical condition
	\| name = Infectious mononucleosis		\| name = Infectious mononucleosis
	~~\| image = [[File:Lymphadenopathy.JPG\|left\|thumb\|Lymphadenopathy in infectious mononucleosis]]~~
	~~\| caption = Lymphadenopathy in infectious mononucleosis~~
	\| synonyms = [[Mono]], [[glandular fever]], [[kissing disease]]		\| synonyms = [[Mono]], [[glandular fever]], [[kissing disease]]
	\| specialty = [[Infectious disease]], [[Hematology]]		\| specialty = [[Infectious disease]], [[Hematology]]
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	* [[Splenomegaly]]		* [[Splenomegaly]]
	* [[Pharyngitis]]		* [[Pharyngitis]]

	[[Category:Viral diseases]]		[[Category:Viral diseases]]
	[[Category:Infectious diseases]]		[[Category:Infectious diseases]]

Prab: CSV import

2025-04-08T00:51:51Z

CSV import

← Older revision		Revision as of 00:51, 8 April 2025
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			{{SI}}
			{{Infobox medical condition
			\| name = Infectious mononucleosis
			\| image = [[File:Lymphadenopathy.JPG\|left\|thumb\|Lymphadenopathy in infectious mononucleosis]]
			\| caption = Lymphadenopathy in infectious mononucleosis
			\| synonyms = [[Mono]], [[glandular fever]], [[kissing disease]]
			\| specialty = [[Infectious disease]], [[Hematology]]
			\| symptoms = [[Fever]], [[sore throat]], [[swollen lymph nodes]], [[fatigue]], [[headache]], [[rash]]
			\| complications= [[Splenic rupture]], [[hepatitis]], [[hemolytic anemia]], [[thrombocytopenia]]
			\| onset = Most common in [[adolescents]] and [[young adults]]
			\| duration = 2 to 4 weeks
			\| causes = [[Epstein-Barr virus]] (EBV)
			\| risks = [[Close contact]], [[saliva]], [[sharing drinks]]
			\| diagnosis = [[Heterophile antibody test]], [[monospot test]], [[EBV serology]]
			\| prevention = [[Avoiding contact]] with infected individuals
			\| treatment = [[Rest]], [[hydration]], [[pain relievers]]
			\| prognosis = Generally good, with full recovery
			\| frequency = Common
			}}
	'''Infectious mononucleosis''', also known as '''mono''' or the '''kissing disease''', is an illness caused by the [[Epstein-Barr virus]] (EBV), a member of the [[herpesvirus]] family. It is characterized by an increase in mononuclear white blood cells, swollen lymph nodes, and a range of other symptoms. Mono typically affects teenagers and young adults but can occur at any age.		'''Infectious mononucleosis''', also known as '''mono''' or the '''kissing disease''', is an illness caused by the [[Epstein-Barr virus]] (EBV), a member of the [[herpesvirus]] family. It is characterized by an increase in mononuclear white blood cells, swollen lymph nodes, and a range of other symptoms. Mono typically affects teenagers and young adults but can occur at any age.
	[[File:Cross_Reaction_Rash.JPG\|Cross Reaction Rash\|thumb]]		[[File:Cross_Reaction_Rash.JPG\|Cross Reaction Rash\|left\|thumb]]
	[[File:Mononucleosis.JPG\|Mononucleosis\|~~thumb]]~~		[[File:Mononucleosis.JPG\|Mononucleosis\|left\|thumb]]
	~~[[File:Lymphadanopathy.JPG\|Lymphadanopathy~~\|thumb~~\|left~~]]		[[File:Main_symptoms_of_Infectious_mononucleosis.png\|Main_symptoms\|left\|thumb]]
	[[File:Main_symptoms_of_Infectious_mononucleosis.png\|Main_symptoms\|thumb]]

	== Signs and symptoms ==		== Signs and symptoms ==
	The symptoms of infectious mononucleosis may vary, but common signs include:		The symptoms of infectious mononucleosis may vary, but common signs include:
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	* Body aches		* Body aches
	Symptoms typically develop four to six weeks after exposure to the virus and may last for several weeks or months.		Symptoms typically develop four to six weeks after exposure to the virus and may last for several weeks or months.

	== Transmission ==		== Transmission ==
	EBV is primarily transmitted through saliva, which is why mono is often called the "kissing disease." However, the virus can also be spread through respiratory droplets, blood transfusions, and organ transplants. Once infected, a person can carry the virus for life, and it may reactivate at times, potentially spreading to others.		EBV is primarily transmitted through saliva, which is why mono is often called the "kissing disease." However, the virus can also be spread through respiratory droplets, blood transfusions, and organ transplants. Once infected, a person can carry the virus for life, and it may reactivate at times, potentially spreading to others.

	== Diagnosis ==		== Diagnosis ==
	Diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis is based on the patient's symptoms and a physical examination. Blood tests, such as a complete blood count (CBC) and a monospot test, can help confirm the diagnosis and detect the presence of EBV antibodies.		Diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis is based on the patient's symptoms and a physical examination. Blood tests, such as a complete blood count (CBC) and a monospot test, can help confirm the diagnosis and detect the presence of EBV antibodies.

	== Treatment ==		== Treatment ==
	There is no specific treatment for infectious mononucleosis, as antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections. Treatment primarily focuses on relieving symptoms and may include:		There is no specific treatment for infectious mononucleosis, as antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections. Treatment primarily focuses on relieving symptoms and may include:
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	== Complications ==		== Complications ==
	Although most people recover from mono without complications, some may develop serious issues, including:		Although most people recover from mono without complications, some may develop serious issues, including:

	* [[Splenomegaly]]: enlargement of the spleen, which can lead to rupture in rare cases		* [[Splenomegaly]]: enlargement of the spleen, which can lead to rupture in rare cases
	* [[Hepatitis]]: inflammation of the liver		* [[Hepatitis]]: inflammation of the liver
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	* [[Guillain-Barre syndrome]]: a rare neurological disorder causing muscle weakness and paralysis		* [[Guillain-Barre syndrome]]: a rare neurological disorder causing muscle weakness and paralysis
	* [[Hemolytic anemia]]: a condition in which red blood cells are destroyed prematurely		* [[Hemolytic anemia]]: a condition in which red blood cells are destroyed prematurely

	== Prevention ==		== Prevention ==
	Prevention of infectious mononucleosis is challenging, as the virus is widespread and can be transmitted by asymptomatic carriers. Practicing good hygiene, such as regular hand washing and avoiding sharing personal items like utensils, can help reduce the risk of infection.		Prevention of infectious mononucleosis is challenging, as the virus is widespread and can be transmitted by asymptomatic carriers. Practicing good hygiene, such as regular hand washing and avoiding sharing personal items like utensils, can help reduce the risk of infection.

	== See also ==		== See also ==
	* [[Epstein-Barr virus]]		* [[Epstein-Barr virus]]
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	* [[Pharyngitis]]		* [[Pharyngitis]]

	~~== Categories ==~~
	[[Category:Viral diseases]]		[[Category:Viral diseases]]
	[[Category:Infectious diseases]]		[[Category:Infectious diseases]]

Prab at 02:34, 29 March 2023

2023-03-29T02:34:35Z

New page

'''Infectious mononucleosis''', also known as '''mono''' or the '''kissing disease''', is an illness caused by the [[Epstein-Barr virus]] (EBV), a member of the [[herpesvirus]] family. It is characterized by an increase in mononuclear white blood cells, swollen lymph nodes, and a range of other symptoms. Mono typically affects teenagers and young adults but can occur at any age.
[[File:Cross_Reaction_Rash.JPG|Cross Reaction Rash|thumb]]
[[File:Mononucleosis.JPG|Mononucleosis|thumb]]
[[File:Lymphadanopathy.JPG|Lymphadanopathy|thumb|left]]
[[File:Main_symptoms_of_Infectious_mononucleosis.png|Main_symptoms|thumb]]

== Signs and symptoms ==
The symptoms of infectious mononucleosis may vary, but common signs include:
* Fatigue
* Fever
* Sore throat (pharyngitis)
* Swollen lymph nodes, especially in the neck
* Enlarged spleen (splenomegaly)
* Enlarged liver (hepatomegaly)
* Rash
* Headache
* Body aches
Symptoms typically develop four to six weeks after exposure to the virus and may last for several weeks or months.

== Transmission ==
EBV is primarily transmitted through saliva, which is why mono is often called the "kissing disease." However, the virus can also be spread through respiratory droplets, blood transfusions, and organ transplants. Once infected, a person can carry the virus for life, and it may reactivate at times, potentially spreading to others.

== Diagnosis ==
Diagnosis of infectious mononucleosis is based on the patient's symptoms and a physical examination. Blood tests, such as a complete blood count (CBC) and a monospot test, can help confirm the diagnosis and detect the presence of EBV antibodies.

== Treatment ==
There is no specific treatment for infectious mononucleosis, as antibiotics are ineffective against viral infections. Treatment primarily focuses on relieving symptoms and may include:
* Rest and hydration
* Over-the-counter pain relievers and fever reducers, such as [[ibuprofen]] or [[acetaminophen]]
* Throat lozenges or gargling with warm salt water for sore throat relief
* Avoiding contact sports and heavy lifting to prevent spleen rupture
== Complications ==
Although most people recover from mono without complications, some may develop serious issues, including:

* [[Splenomegaly]]: enlargement of the spleen, which can lead to rupture in rare cases
* [[Hepatitis]]: inflammation of the liver
* [[Meningitis]] or [[encephalitis]]: inflammation of the brain or its surrounding tissues
* [[Guillain-Barre syndrome]]: a rare neurological disorder causing muscle weakness and paralysis
* [[Hemolytic anemia]]: a condition in which red blood cells are destroyed prematurely

== Prevention ==
Prevention of infectious mononucleosis is challenging, as the virus is widespread and can be transmitted by asymptomatic carriers. Practicing good hygiene, such as regular hand washing and avoiding sharing personal items like utensils, can help reduce the risk of infection.

== See also ==
* [[Epstein-Barr virus]]
* [[Herpesvirus]]
* [[Splenomegaly]]
* [[Pharyngitis]]

== Categories ==
[[Category:Viral diseases]]
[[Category:Infectious diseases]]
[[Category:Herpesvirus]]
[[Category:Immunology]]
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