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← Older revision		Revision as of 11:43, 18 February 2025
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	[[Category:Medical Techniques]]		[[Category:Medical Techniques]]
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			<gallery>
			File:Main_staining_patterns_on_immunohistochemistry.jpg\|Main staining patterns on immunohistochemistry
			File:HSP_IF_IgA.jpg\|HSP IF IgA
			File:Immunohistochemistry_for_p16_in_uterine_papillary_serous_adenocarcinoma_showing_both_nuclear_and_cytoplasmic_staining.jpg\|Immunohistochemistry for p16 in uterine papillary serous adenocarcinoma showing both nuclear and cytoplasmic staining
			File:Chromogenic_immunohistochemistry.jpg\|Chromogenic immunohistochemistry
			File:Immunohistochemistry_stain_versus_counterstain.png\|Immunohistochemistry stain versus counterstain
			File:Positive_and_negative_controls_in_immunohistochemistry.png\|Positive and negative controls in immunohistochemistry
			File:Kidney_cd10_ihc.jpg\|Kidney CD10 IHC
			File:PIN-4_staining_of_benign_prostate_gland_and_adenocarcinoma.jpg\|PIN-4 staining of benign prostate gland and adenocarcinoma
			</gallery>

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2024-02-24T05:02:29Z

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'''Immunohistochemistry''' (IHC) is a method in [[Pathology|pathology]] that uses the principle of [[Antibodies|antibodies]] binding specifically to [[Antigens|antigens]] in biological tissues. This technique is widely used in the diagnosis of [[Cancer|cancer]], as it can demonstrate the presence and localization of specific [[Protein|proteins]] in tissues.

== History ==

Immunohistochemistry was first described by [[Albert Coons|Albert H. Coons]] in 1941 when he used a fluorescent tag to directly label antibodies to visualize [[Pneumococcal|pneumococcal]] antigens in infected tissues.

== Methodology ==

The process of immunohistochemistry involves several steps. First, the tissue is fixed and embedded in paraffin to preserve the structure and proteins. The tissue is then sectioned and placed on a slide. The slide is then treated with antibodies that bind to the protein of interest. These antibodies can be visualized by a variety of methods, including fluorescence or enzymatic methods.

== Applications ==

Immunohistochemistry is used in a wide range of applications, including:

* [[Cancer|Cancer]] diagnosis: IHC can be used to identify the type and origin of cancer cells.
* [[Infectious Disease|Infectious disease]] diagnosis: IHC can be used to identify specific pathogens in tissue samples.
* [[Research|Research]]: IHC is used in research to understand the distribution and localization of biomarkers and protein expression in different tissues.

== Limitations ==

While immunohistochemistry is a powerful tool, it does have some limitations. These include potential issues with specificity and sensitivity, as well as the need for careful control experiments to ensure accurate interpretation of results.

== See Also ==

* [[Histopathology]]
* [[Immunofluorescence]]
* [[Immunology]]
* [[Pathology]]

== References ==

<references />

{{stub}}

[[Category:Pathology]]
[[Category:Immunology]]
[[Category:Histology]]
[[Category:Medical Techniques]]
{{dictionary-stub1}}

Immunohistochemistry - Revision history

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