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	'''HMS Challenger''' was a steam-assisted [[Royal Navy]] Pearl-class corvette launched on 13 February 1858 at the Woolwich Dockyard. She is best known for her role in the [[Challenger expedition]], a pioneering global marine research expedition conducted from 1872 to 1876.

	==~~Design and Construction~~==		{{Infobox ship
	~~The~~ HMS Challenger, a three-masted square-rigged ship, was designed for scientific exploration. She was equipped with laboratories for natural history and chemistry, a darkroom for photography, and apparatus for deep-sea soundings and water temperature readings. The ship was built at the [[Woolwich Dockyard~~]] and launched on 13 February~~ 1858.		\| name = HMS Challenger
			\| image = <!-- Image removed -->
			\| caption = HMS Challenger
			\| ship_name = HMS Challenger
			\| ship_operator = Royal Navy
			\| ship_builder = Pembroke Dockyard
			\| ship_launched = 1858
			\| ship_out_of_service = 1878
			\| ship_fate = Broken up
			}}

	~~==Service History==~~		'''HMS Challenger''' was a [[Royal Navy]] [[corvette]] that was launched in 1858. She is best known for her role in the [[Challenger expedition]], a pioneering [[oceanographic]] expedition that laid the foundation for the science of [[oceanography]].
	HMS Challenger ~~served on the China Station, performing routine duties, before she~~ was ~~assigned to~~ the Challenger expedition~~. The expedition~~, ~~led by Captain~~ [[~~George Nares~~]]~~, was a scientific mission~~ that ~~made many discoveries to lay~~ the foundation of [[oceanography]].

	==~~Challenger Expedition~~==		== Design and Construction ==
	~~The~~ Challenger ~~expedition, named after the vessel,~~ was a ~~scientific exercise that made many discoveries to lay the foundation~~ of ~~oceanography~~. ~~The expedition covered 68,890 nautical miles, organized by the~~ [[~~Royal Society~~]] in ~~collaboration~~ with ~~the University of Edinburgh~~ and ~~the Royal Navy~~.		HMS Challenger was designed as a [[steam-assisted]] [[screw corvette]] with a displacement of 2,306 tons. She was built at [[Pembroke Dockyard]] and launched in 1858. The ship was originally armed with 17 guns and was powered by both sails and a steam engine.

	==~~Legacy~~==		== Challenger Expedition ==
	~~The data collected during the~~ Challenger expedition ~~resulted in~~ the ~~publication~~ of ~~50 volumes, known as the~~ [[Challenger ~~Reports~~]]~~, which detailed the findings of~~ the expedition~~. The ship's name was later used for~~ the [[~~Space Shuttle Challenger~~]], ~~in honor of the pioneering vessel~~.		{{Main\|Challenger expedition}}
			In 1872, HMS Challenger was refitted for a scientific voyage under the command of Captain [[George Nares]]. The [[Challenger expedition]] was the first major scientific expedition to explore the [[deep sea]] and conduct extensive [[oceanographic]] research. The expedition lasted from 1872 to 1876 and covered approximately 68,000 nautical miles.

	==~~See also~~==		The scientific team, led by [[Charles Wyville Thomson]], conducted research in various fields including [[marine biology]], [[geology]], and [[hydrography]]. The expedition collected thousands of samples and made numerous discoveries, including the [[Mid-Atlantic Ridge]] and the [[Mariana Trench]].
	* [[~~List~~ of Royal Navy ~~ships~~]]
			== Legacy ==
			The findings of the Challenger expedition were published in a 50-volume report, which took 23 years to complete. The data collected during the expedition laid the groundwork for the modern science of [[oceanography]] and greatly expanded the understanding of the [[marine environment]].

			HMS Challenger's contributions to science are commemorated in the naming of the [[Challenger Deep]], the deepest known point in the Earth's oceans, located in the [[Mariana Trench]].

			== Decommissioning ==
			After the completion of the expedition, HMS Challenger was decommissioned and returned to the [[Royal Navy]]. She was eventually broken up in 1878.

			== See also ==
	* [[Challenger Deep]]		* [[Challenger Deep]]
	* [[~~Oceanographic~~ Museum]]		* [[Oceanography]]
			* [[Charles Wyville Thomson]]

			== References ==
			* {{Cite book \|last=Thomson \|first=Charles Wyville \|title=The Voyage of the Challenger: The Atlantic \|year=1877 \|publisher=Macmillan}}
			* {{Cite book \|last=Rice \|first=Tony \|title=Voyage to the Bottom of the Sea: The Challenger Expedition \|year=1999 \|publisher=National Maritime Museum}}

			== External links ==
			* [https://www.britannica.com/topic/Challenger-expedition Encyclopaedia Britannica: Challenger Expedition]
			* [https://www.nhm.ac.uk/discover/the-challenger-expedition.html Natural History Museum: The Challenger Expedition]

	[[Category:Royal Navy ships]]		[[Category:Royal Navy corvettes]]
	[[Category:~~Challenger expedition~~]]		[[Category:Exploration ships of the United Kingdom]]
			[[Category:Oceanographic expeditions]]
	[[Category:1858 ships]]		[[Category:1858 ships]]
	~~{{UK-ship-stub}}~~		[[Category:Ships built in Pembroke Dock]]
	~~{{expedition-stub}}~~

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2024-02-29T06:04:24Z

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'''HMS Challenger''' was a steam-assisted [[Royal Navy]] Pearl-class corvette launched on 13 February 1858 at the Woolwich Dockyard. She is best known for her role in the [[Challenger expedition]], a pioneering global marine research expedition conducted from 1872 to 1876.

==Design and Construction==
The HMS Challenger, a three-masted square-rigged ship, was designed for scientific exploration. She was equipped with laboratories for natural history and chemistry, a darkroom for photography, and apparatus for deep-sea soundings and water temperature readings. The ship was built at the [[Woolwich Dockyard]] and launched on 13 February 1858.

==Service History==
HMS Challenger served on the China Station, performing routine duties, before she was assigned to the Challenger expedition. The expedition, led by Captain [[George Nares]], was a scientific mission that made many discoveries to lay the foundation of [[oceanography]].

==Challenger Expedition==
The Challenger expedition, named after the vessel, was a scientific exercise that made many discoveries to lay the foundation of oceanography. The expedition covered 68,890 nautical miles, organized by the [[Royal Society]] in collaboration with the University of Edinburgh and the Royal Navy.

==Legacy==
The data collected during the Challenger expedition resulted in the publication of 50 volumes, known as the [[Challenger Reports]], which detailed the findings of the expedition. The ship's name was later used for the [[Space Shuttle Challenger]], in honor of the pioneering vessel.

==See also==
* [[List of Royal Navy ships]]
* [[Challenger Deep]]
* [[Oceanographic Museum]]

[[Category:Royal Navy ships]]
[[Category:Challenger expedition]]
[[Category:1858 ships]]
{{UK-ship-stub}}
{{expedition-stub}}

HMS Challenger - Revision history

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