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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>'''HLA-DOB''' is a protein that in humans is encoded by the HLA-DOB gene. The protein encoded by this gene is part of the [[human leukocyte antigen]] (HLA) system, which plays a central role in the [[immune system]] by presenting peptides derived from the [[proteasome]]. The HLA system is a group of genes located on chromosome 6 in humans, and HLA-DOB is one of these genes.<br />
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== Function ==<br />
HLA-DOB is a non-classical HLA class II beta chain paralogues. This particular gene encodes a beta subunit that forms a heterodimer with the alpha subunit of HLA-DOA. The HLA-DOA/DOB heterodimer plays a critical role in the [[antigen presentation]] pathway by regulating the peptide loading of MHC class II molecules.<br />
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== Structure ==<br />
The HLA-DOB gene is located on the short (p) arm of chromosome 6 at position 21. The encoded protein has a molecular weight of approximately 28 kDa and is composed of 229 amino acids. The protein structure includes two [[Immunoglobulin domain|immunoglobulin-like domains]], a transmembrane domain, and a short cytoplasmic tail.<br />
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== Clinical significance ==<br />
Alterations in the HLA-DOB gene have been associated with various [[autoimmune diseases]], including [[rheumatoid arthritis]], [[type 1 diabetes]], and [[multiple sclerosis]]. Further research is needed to fully understand the role of HLA-DOB in these diseases and to develop potential therapeutic strategies.<br />
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== See also ==<br />
* [[HLA-DOA]]<br />
* [[Major histocompatibility complex]]<br />
* [[Autoimmune disease]]<br />
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== References ==<br />
<references /><br />
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{{Major histocompatibility complex}}<br />
{{Immunoglobulin superfamily}}<br />
{{medicine-stub}}<br />
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[[Category:Human proteins]]<br />
[[Category:Immune system]]<br />
[[Category:Genes on human chromosome 6]]</div>Prab