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	~~'''~~Guidepost cells''' are a type of [[neuron]] that guide the growth of [[axon]]s in the developing [[nervous system]]. They are located along the path of growing axons and provide signals that direct the axons to their targets. The term "guidepost cells" was first used by [[Pasko Rakic]] in 1976.		== Guidepost Cells ==

	~~==Etymology==~~		[[File:Ablation_of_a_guidepost_cell.jpg\|thumb\|right\|Ablation of a guidepost cell in a developing nervous system.]]
	~~The term "guidepost cells" comes from the English words "guidepost" and "cells"~~. ~~"Guidepost" is~~ a ~~term used to describe something that serves as~~ a ~~guide or signpost, and "cells" refers to the basic structural and functional units of all known living organisms~~.

	~~==Function==~~		'''Guidepost cells''' are specialized cells that play a crucial role in the development of the [[nervous system]]. They are transient cells that provide directional cues to growing [[axons]] during [[neurodevelopment]]. These cells are essential for the proper wiring of the nervous system, ensuring that axons reach their correct targets.
	Guidepost cells ~~function by releasing~~ [[~~chemoattractant~~]]~~s or~~ [[~~chemorepellent~~]]~~s that guide the growth of axons~~. ~~They~~ are ~~critical~~ for the proper wiring of the nervous system~~. Without guidepost cells~~, axons ~~may not~~ reach their correct ~~destinations, leading to improper connections and potential neurological disorders~~.

	==~~Related Terms~~==		== Function ==
	* [[Neuron]]: A neuron is a nerve cell that is the basic building block of the nervous system. Neurons are similar to other cells in the human body in a number of ways, but there is one key difference between neurons and other cells. Neurons are specialized to transmit information throughout the body.
	* [[Axon]]: An axon is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body.
	* [[Chemoattractant]]: A chemoattractant is a chemical substance that induces chemotaxis - the movement of an organism or cell in response to a chemical stimulus.
	* [[Chemorepellent]]: A chemorepellent is a chemical substance that induces a cell or organism to move away from it.

	==~~See Also~~==		Guidepost cells are strategically positioned along the pathways that growing axons take. They act as intermediate targets or "stepping stones" that help axons navigate through the complex environment of the developing nervous system. By interacting with the growth cones of axons, guidepost cells influence the direction of axon growth through various molecular signals.

			== Molecular Mechanisms ==

			The interaction between guidepost cells and axons is mediated by a variety of [[cell adhesion molecules]], [[growth factors]], and other signaling molecules. These include:

			* '''Netrins''': Secreted proteins that attract or repel axons depending on the receptors present on the growth cone.
			* '''Semaphorins''': A class of proteins that can act as both attractants and repellents for axons.
			* '''Ephrins''': Membrane-bound proteins that interact with Eph receptors on axons to guide their growth.

			== Role in Development ==

			During [[embryogenesis]], guidepost cells are crucial for the establishment of major neural pathways. For example, in the developing [[vertebrate]] nervous system, guidepost cells help direct the growth of axons from the [[spinal cord]] to their targets in the [[brain]] and [[peripheral nervous system]].

			== Experimental Studies ==

			Research involving the ablation of guidepost cells, as depicted in the image, has provided insights into their function. When guidepost cells are removed or disrupted, axons often fail to reach their intended targets, leading to miswiring of the nervous system. This highlights the importance of guidepost cells in neural circuit formation.

			== Related Pages ==

			* [[Axon guidance]]
	* [[Neurodevelopment]]		* [[Neurodevelopment]]
	* [[~~Axon guidance~~]]		* [[Growth cone]]
	* [[~~Chemotaxis~~]]		* [[Cell adhesion molecules]]

			{{Neuroscience}}

	[[Category:~~Neuroscience~~]]		[[Category:Neurodevelopment]]
	[[Category:Cell biology]]		[[Category:Cell biology]]
	~~[[Category:Developmental biology]]~~

	~~{{stub}}~~

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2024-02-19T22:23:36Z

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'''Guidepost cells''' are a type of [[neuron]] that guide the growth of [[axon]]s in the developing [[nervous system]]. They are located along the path of growing axons and provide signals that direct the axons to their targets. The term "guidepost cells" was first used by [[Pasko Rakic]] in 1976.

==Etymology==
The term "guidepost cells" comes from the English words "guidepost" and "cells". "Guidepost" is a term used to describe something that serves as a guide or signpost, and "cells" refers to the basic structural and functional units of all known living organisms.

==Function==
Guidepost cells function by releasing [[chemoattractant]]s or [[chemorepellent]]s that guide the growth of axons. They are critical for the proper wiring of the nervous system. Without guidepost cells, axons may not reach their correct destinations, leading to improper connections and potential neurological disorders.

==Related Terms==
* [[Neuron]]: A neuron is a nerve cell that is the basic building block of the nervous system. Neurons are similar to other cells in the human body in a number of ways, but there is one key difference between neurons and other cells. Neurons are specialized to transmit information throughout the body.
* [[Axon]]: An axon is a long, slender projection of a nerve cell, or neuron, that typically conducts electrical impulses away from the neuron's cell body.
* [[Chemoattractant]]: A chemoattractant is a chemical substance that induces chemotaxis - the movement of an organism or cell in response to a chemical stimulus.
* [[Chemorepellent]]: A chemorepellent is a chemical substance that induces a cell or organism to move away from it.

==See Also==
* [[Neurodevelopment]]
* [[Axon guidance]]
* [[Chemotaxis]]

[[Category:Neuroscience]]
[[Category:Cell biology]]
[[Category:Developmental biology]]

{{stub}}

Guidepost cells - Revision history

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