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<p><b>New page</b></p><div>[[Image:Bilingual_road_sign_in_squamish_language_2.jpg|Bilingual road sign in squamish language 2|thumb]] '''Glottal stop''' is a type of [[consonantal sound]] used in many spoken [[languages]]. It is produced by obstructing airflow in the [[vocal tract]] or, more precisely, at the [[glottis]]. The symbol in the [[International Phonetic Alphabet]] (IPA) that represents this sound is ⟨ʔ⟩.<br />
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==Characteristics==<br />
The glottal stop is a [[consonant]] in which the [[vocal cords]] (or vocal folds) are pressed together to stop the flow of air and then released, producing a brief, silent pause. It is a feature found in many languages around the world and can significantly affect the meaning of words. For example, in [[Hawaiian language|Hawaiian]], there is a difference between ''kāne'' (man) and ''kaʻa'' (car), where the ʻ symbol indicates a glottal stop.<br />
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==Phonetic Features==<br />
* '''Articulation''': Glottal<br />
* '''Voicing''': Voiceless<br />
* '''Nasality''': Non-nasal<br />
* '''Oral''': Oral consonant, as the air is blocked from escaping through the nose<br />
* '''Mechanism''': Plosive, as it involves complete closure and release<br />
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==Occurrence==<br />
The glottal stop appears in many languages, including [[Arabic language|Arabic]], [[Hawaiian language|Hawaiian]], [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], and many others. In some languages, like [[Arabic language|Arabic]] and [[Hebrew language|Hebrew]], it is a phonemic and integral part of the language's phonology. In others, such as [[English language|English]], it occurs as an allophone or in certain dialects. For instance, in many dialects of English, a glottal stop replaces the /t/ sound in the middle or at the end of words, such as in the pronunciation of "butter" or "cat."<br />
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==In English==<br />
In [[English language|English]], the glottal stop is not phonemically recognized but is widely used in various dialects. It often occurs as an allophonic variation of /t/ in certain positions, particularly in informal speech. For example, in the Cockney accent of London or in the Received Pronunciation of British English when speaking informally, the word "bottle" may be pronounced with a glottal stop in place of the /t/ sound.<br />
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==Writing Systems==<br />
While the glottal stop is phonemically significant in many languages, it is not always represented in writing. When it is, different languages use various methods to denote it. For example, in Hawaiian, the glottal stop is represented by the ‘okina, a type of apostrophe. In languages that use the Latin alphabet, it may be represented by an apostrophe or other specific letters. In the IPA, the glottal stop is represented by the symbol ⟨ʔ⟩.<br />
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==See Also==<br />
* [[Phonetics]]<br />
* [[Vocal cords]]<br />
* [[International Phonetic Alphabet]]<br />
* [[Consonant]]<br />
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[[Category:Phonetics]]<br />
[[Category:Consonants]]<br />
[[Category:Speech]]</div>Prab