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			== Gibbus deformity ==
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2024-03-22T09:32:14Z

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'''Gibbus Deformity''' is a type of spinal deformity characterized by a sharp, angular kyphotic curve, particularly noticeable in the sagittal plane. This condition is often associated with a variety of diseases, including tuberculosis of the spine (Pott's disease), congenital malformations, and other conditions that lead to the collapse of one or more vertebral bodies, leading to a hump-like appearance on the back. The term "gibbus" originates from Latin, meaning "hump".

==Causes==
Gibbus deformity can result from several underlying conditions, including:
* [[Tuberculosis]] of the spine ([[Pott's disease]]), which is one of the most common causes in areas where tuberculosis is prevalent.
* [[Scheuermann's disease]], a condition that affects the growth of the vertebral bodies during adolescence.
* [[Osteoporosis]], leading to vertebral compression fractures.
* [[Spinal tumors]] or infections that lead to the destruction of the vertebral body.
* Congenital malformations, such as hemivertebrae, where one side of the vertebra fails to form properly.

==Symptoms==
The primary symptom of a gibbus deformity is the visible hump on the back. Other symptoms may include:
* Back pain, which can vary in intensity.
* Limited flexibility in the spine.
* Neurological symptoms, including weakness or numbness in the legs, if the spinal cord or nerves are compressed.

==Diagnosis==
Diagnosis of gibbus deformity involves a thorough physical examination and medical history, followed by imaging studies. These may include:
* [[X-ray]]s of the spine, to identify the kyphotic angle and affected vertebrae.
* [[MRI]] (Magnetic Resonance Imaging) or [[CT scan]] (Computed Tomography), to assess the extent of the deformity and any impact on the spinal cord or nerves.

==Treatment==
Treatment for gibbus deformity depends on the underlying cause, severity of the symptoms, and the presence of any neurological deficits. Options may include:
* Non-surgical treatments, such as bracing or physical therapy, to manage mild cases or relieve symptoms.
* [[Antitubercular therapy]] for tuberculosis-related cases.
* Surgical intervention, which may involve spinal fusion or vertebrectomy, to correct the deformity and stabilize the spine.

==Prognosis==
The prognosis for individuals with gibbus deformity varies depending on the cause and severity of the condition. Early detection and treatment are crucial for preventing progression and managing symptoms effectively.

==Prevention==
Preventing gibbus deformity involves addressing the underlying conditions that can lead to the development of the deformity. This includes:
* Prompt treatment of spinal tuberculosis and other infections.
* Managing osteoporosis to prevent vertebral fractures.
* Regular monitoring and treatment for conditions known to affect spinal growth and integrity.

[[Category:Orthopedic surgical procedures]]
[[Category:Spinal curvature disorders]]
[[Category:Congenital disorders of musculoskeletal system]]

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Gibbus deformity - Revision history

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