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			<gallery>
			File:Wheat.gif\|Genetic variation in wheat
			File:Darwin's_finches.jpeg\|Darwin's finches illustrating natural selection
			File:Genetic_Variation_and_Inheritance.svg\|Genetic variation and inheritance
			File:Coquina_variation3.jpg\|Genetic variation in coquina shells
			</gallery>

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'''Genetic variation''' refers to the diversity in the genetic makeup of individuals within a species. It is the basis for [[biological diversity]] and the means by which populations adapt to changing environments. Genetic variation is caused by several factors, including [[mutation]], [[genetic recombination]], and [[gene flow]].

== Causes of Genetic Variation ==

=== Mutation ===

A [[mutation]] is a change in the DNA sequence within a gene or a chromosome of an organism resulting in the creation of a new character or trait not found in the parental type. Mutations can be caused by errors in DNA replication, exposure to radiation, chemicals, or viruses, or can occur deliberately under cellular control during processes such as [[meiosis]].

=== Genetic Recombination ===

[[Genetic recombination]] is the production of offspring with combinations of traits that differ from those found in either parent. In eukaryotes, genetic recombination during meiosis can lead to a novel set of genetic information that can be passed on from the parents to the offspring.

=== Gene Flow ===

[[Gene flow]] is the transfer of genetic variation from one population to another. If genes flow from one gene pool to another, that is, if genes are moved or if they migrate from one population to another, they can change allele frequencies in that population.

== Importance of Genetic Variation ==

Genetic variation is crucial for the survival and adaptation of a species, as it helps maintain the health of a population by including different alleles for each gene among individuals. It is the primary fuel for evolution, as without genetic variation, a population cannot evolve in response to changing environmental variables and may face an increased risk of extinction.

== See Also ==

* [[Genetic diversity]]
* [[Evolution]]
* [[Natural selection]]
* [[Population genetics]]

== References ==

<references />

[[Category:Genetics]]
[[Category:Evolutionary biology]]
{{genetics-stub}}

Genetic variation - Revision history

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