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	~~{{more footnotes\|date~~=~~August 2013}}~~		== Gastrostomy ==
	~~{{Infobox interventions \|~~
	~~Name~~ = Gastrostomy \|
	~~Image~~ = ~~PIC 0007 gastrostomie.jpg\|~~
	~~ICD10~~ = \|
	~~ICD9 = {{ICD9proc\|43.1}} \|~~
	~~MeshID = D005774 \|~~
	~~OtherCodes = \|~~
	}}
	~~'''Gastrostomy''' is the creation of an artificial external opening into the stomach for nutritional support or gastric decompression.~~
	Typically this would include an incision in the patient's [[epigastrium]] as part of a formal operation. It can be performed through surgical approach, [[percutaneous]] approach by [[interventional radiology]], or [[percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy]] (PEG).

	~~The opening may be used for feeding, such as with a~~ [[~~feeding tube~~\|gastrostomy tube]].		[[File:PIC_0007_gastrostomie.jpg\|thumb\|right\|A gastrostomy tube in place.]]

	~~==Techniques==~~		A '''gastrostomy''' is a surgical procedure for inserting a tube through the [[abdomen]] into the [[stomach]]. It is used for feeding patients who cannot swallow food. This procedure is often performed when a patient has difficulty with oral intake due to conditions such as [[neurological disorders]], [[cancer]], or [[gastrointestinal diseases]].

	~~The '''Stamm gastrostomy''' is an open technique,<ref>{{cite journal \|author1~~=~~P C Shellito \|author2~~=~~R A Malt \|year~~=~~1985 \|title~~=Tube gastrostomy. Techniques and complications \|journal=Annals of Surgery \|publisher= \|volume=201 \|issue=2 \|pages=180–185 \|doi= 10.1097/00000658-198502000-00008\|pmc=1250638 \|pmid= 3918515}}</ref> requiring an upper midline [[laparotomy]] and gastrotomy, with the catheter brought out in the left [[hypochondrium]]. It was first devised in 1894 by the American Gastric Surgeon, Martin Stamm (1847–1918), who was educated greatly in surgery when he visited Germany.<ref>[[:de:Martin Stamm]]</ref>{{Circular reference\|date=May 2017}}		== Indications ==

	~~== See also ==~~		Gastrostomy is indicated in patients who require long-term enteral nutrition. Common indications include:
	*[[Enteral feeding]]
	*[[List of surgeries by type]]
	*[[Stoma (medicine)]]

	~~==References==~~		* [[Neurological disorders]] such as [[stroke]], [[cerebral palsy]], or [[motor neuron disease]].
	~~{{reflist}}~~		* [[Head and neck cancer]] that obstructs the normal swallowing mechanism.
			* Severe [[anorexia]] or [[malnutrition]] where oral intake is insufficient.
			* [[Gastrointestinal disorders]] that impair normal digestion and absorption.

			== Procedure ==

	~~{{Digestive system surgical procedures}}~~		The procedure can be performed using different techniques, including:

	~~[[Category~~:~~Enteral feeding]]~~		* '''Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy (PEG):''' This is the most common method, where an endoscope is used to guide the placement of the tube.
	~~[[Category~~:~~Digestive system procedures]]~~		* '''Surgical Gastrostomy:''' This involves a direct surgical approach to place the tube, often used when endoscopic methods are not feasible.
			* '''Radiologically Inserted Gastrostomy (RIG):''' This method uses imaging guidance to place the tube.

			== Complications ==

	~~{{treatment-stub}}~~		While generally safe, gastrostomy can have complications such as:

			* [[Infection]] at the insertion site.
			* [[Bleeding]] or [[perforation]] of the stomach or abdominal wall.
			* [[Tube dislodgement]] or blockage.
			* [[Aspiration pneumonia]] if gastric contents are regurgitated.

			== Care and Maintenance ==

			Proper care and maintenance of the gastrostomy tube are essential to prevent complications. This includes:

			* Regular cleaning of the tube and surrounding skin.
			* Flushing the tube with water to prevent blockages.
			* Monitoring for signs of infection or irritation.

			== Related pages ==

			* [[Enteral nutrition]]
			* [[Percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy]]
			* [[Feeding tube]]
			* [[Parenteral nutrition]]

			[[Category:Medical procedures]]
			[[Category:Gastroenterology]]

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2019-10-29T01:13:49Z

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{{more footnotes|date=August 2013}}
{{Infobox interventions |
Name = Gastrostomy |
Image = PIC 0007 gastrostomie.jpg|
ICD10 = |
ICD9 = {{ICD9proc|43.1}} |
MeshID = D005774 |
OtherCodes = |
}}
'''Gastrostomy''' is the creation of an artificial external opening into the stomach for nutritional support or gastric decompression.
Typically this would include an incision in the patient's [[epigastrium]] as part of a formal operation. It can be performed through surgical approach, [[percutaneous]] approach by [[interventional radiology]], or [[percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy]] (PEG).

The opening may be used for feeding, such as with a [[feeding tube|gastrostomy tube]].

==Techniques==

The '''Stamm gastrostomy''' is an open technique,<ref>{{cite journal |author1=P C Shellito |author2=R A Malt |year=1985 |title=Tube gastrostomy. Techniques and complications |journal=Annals of Surgery |publisher= |volume=201 |issue=2 |pages=180–185 |doi= 10.1097/00000658-198502000-00008|pmc=1250638 |pmid= 3918515}}</ref> requiring an upper midline [[laparotomy]] and gastrotomy, with the catheter brought out in the left [[hypochondrium]]. It was first devised in 1894 by the American Gastric Surgeon, Martin Stamm (1847–1918), who was educated greatly in surgery when he visited Germany.<ref>[[:de:Martin Stamm]]</ref>{{Circular reference|date=May 2017}}

== See also ==
*[[Enteral feeding]]
*[[List of surgeries by type]]
*[[Stoma (medicine)]]

==References==
{{reflist}}

{{Digestive system surgical procedures}}

[[Category:Enteral feeding]]
[[Category:Digestive system procedures]]

{{treatment-stub}}

Gastrostomy - Revision history

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